QUADRUMANA. 47 



cause of its being deemed, erroneously, a distinct species. It is difficult to 

 imagine a more hideous or extraordinary animal He nearly attains the size of 

 a man, and is a terror to the negroes of Guinea. Many details of his history 

 have been mixed up with that of the Chimpanse, and consequently with that 

 of the Ourang-Outang. 



THE MONKEYS OF AMERICA 



Have four grinders more than the others thirty-six in all ; the tail long; no 

 cheek-pouches ; seat hairy ; no callosities ; nostrils opening on the sides of the 

 nose, and not underneath. All the great Quadrumana of America belong to this 

 division. The tails of some of them are prehensile that is, their extremity 

 can twist round a body with sufficient force to seize it as with a hand. They 

 are more particularly designated by the name of Sapajous. 



At their head may be placed the Alouattes 

 ( MYCETES, Illig.), which are distinguished by 

 a pyramidal head, the upper jaw of which de- 

 scends much below the cranium, as the branches 

 of the lower one ascend very high for the pur- 

 pose of lodging a bony drum, formed by a vesi- 

 cular inflation of the hyoid bone, which com- 

 municates with the larynx, and gives to their voice astonishing power, and a 

 most frightful sound. Hence their name of Howling Monkeys. The pre- 

 hensile portion of the tail is naked beneath. 



There are several species, whose distinguishing characters are not yet well 

 ascertained, for the colour of the fur on which they are established varies 

 with the age and sex. 



Simia seniculus, Buff. (Red Howling Monkey.) It is often sent to us from 

 the forests of Guiana, where it lives in troops; size that of a large fox ; colour, 

 a reddish chesnut, rather deeper at the head and tail. 



The COMMON SAPAJOUS have the head flat, and the projection of the muzzle 

 very moderate facial angle 60. 



In some of them, the anterior thumbs are either totally, or nearly, hidden 

 under the skin, and the prehensile part of the tail naked beneath. M. Geoffrey 

 has formed them into a genus by the name of ATELES. 



LAGOTHRIX, Geoff. GASTRIMARGUS, Spix. 



Head round, a thumb like the Alouattes ; tail partly naked. Such are the 

 L. Humboldii, Geoff., the Capparo, and the Grison or the Silver-haired Mon- 

 key ; monkeys from the interior of South America, said to be remarkable 

 gluttons. 



The other Sapajous have a round head, distinct thumbs, and the tail, hairy, 

 though prehensile. The species are more numerous than those of the Alouatte, 

 and are characterised with nearly as much difficulty. Some of them have the 

 hairs on the forehead of a uniform length, such as the 



Sim. appella, L. (The Sajou) ; and the <S'. capucina, L. (The Capuchin.) 



