104 MAMMALIA. 



adheres to the last phalanx, and is symmetrically formed like the hoofs of the 

 Pachyderm ata, 



CAMELUS, Cuvier. 



Camels, properly so called, have the two toes united below, nearly to the 

 point, by a common sole, and the back furnished with lumps of fat. They arc- 

 large animals of the eastern continent, of which two species are known, both 

 completely reduced to a domestic state. 



C. Bactrianus. (The Two-humped Camel.) Originally from central Asia, 

 and which descends to the south much less than the 



C. dromedariust (the Dromedary,) which has spread from Arabia into 

 all the north of Africa, a great part of Syria, Persia, &c. 



AUCHENIA, Illiger. 



The Lamas have the two toes separate ; they are without humps. Only 

 two distinct species are known ; the Lama, (C.llacma, Lin.) and the Paco, (C 

 viccunna, Lin.) both from the Western continent, and much smaller than the 

 two preceding ones. The first was the only beast of burden in Peru at the 

 time of the conquest. It will carry a hundred and fifty pounds, but can only 

 make short journeys ; the latter is covered with fawn-coloured wool, extremely 

 soft and fine, of which valuable stuff is manufactured. 



MOSCHUS, Linnaeus. 



The Musks are much less anomalous than the camels, differing from the 

 ordinary Ruminantia only in the absence of horns, 

 in having a long canine tooth on each side of the 

 upper jaw, which in the male issues from the mouth ; 

 and finally in having a slender peronseus, which is 

 not found even in the camel. These animals are 

 remarkably light and elegant. 



M. moschiferus, Lin.; Buff. (The Musk.) This is the most celebrated 

 species, and the size of a goat, has scarcely any tail, and is completely covered 

 with hairs so coarse and brittle that they might be termed spines. 



All the rest of the Ruminantia, the males at least, have two horns ; that is to 

 say, two prominences of the frontal bones, which are not found in any other 

 family of animals. 



In some, these prominences are covered with an elastic sheath composed as 

 if with agglutinated hairs, which increases by layers during their life; the name 

 of horn is applied to the substance of this sheath, and the sheath itself is 

 called the corne creuse, or horn mould. The prominence it envelopes grows 

 with it, and never falls. Such are the horns of oxen, sheep, goats, and 

 antelopes. 



In others, the prominences are only covered with a hairy skin, continuous with 

 that of the head ; nor do the prominences fall, those of the giraffe excepted. 



