316 AIIACHN1DES. 



or two simple eyes, approximated or grouped, near tiie anterior angles; and 

 near the middle of its anterior extremity, or posteriorly, but in the median line 

 two others equally simple and approximated. There are four or eight pulmo- 

 nary sacs. Those which form the genus 



TARANTULA, Fabricius, 



Have their abdomen attached to their thorax by a pedicle, or portion of their 

 transverse diameter ; it has no pectinated lamina? at its base, nor sting at its 

 extremity. Their stigmata, four in number, are situated near the origin of the 

 venter, and are covered with a plate. Their chelicerse (mandibles) are simply 

 terminated by a moveable hook. Their ligula is elongated, very narrow, and 

 concealed. They have but two jaws, which are formed by the first joint of 

 their palpi. 



They all have eight eyes, of which three, on each side and near the anterior 

 angles, form a triangle; and two near the middle at the anterior margin are 

 placed on a common tubercle or little elevation, one on each side. The palp 5 

 are spinous. The tarsi of the two anterior legs differ from the others, being 

 formed of numerous setaceous or filiform joints, and without a terminal nail. 



They are confined to the hottest portions of Asia and America. Their 

 habits are unknown to us. They now constitute two subgenera, PHRYNCS, 

 Olivier and THELYPHO>US, Latreille. 



The others have their abdomen intimately united to the thorax throughout 

 its entire width, presenting, at its inferior base, two moveable pectiniform 

 human-, and terminated by a knotted tail armed with a terminal sting. Their 

 stigmata, eight in number, are exposed, and arranged four by four along the 

 abdomen : their chelicerse are terminated by two fingers, of wliich the exterior 

 is moveable. They form the genus 



SCORPIO, Linnaeus, Fabricius. 



Scorpions have an elongated body, suddenly terminated by a long slender tail 

 formed of six joints, the last of which terminates in an arcuated and excessively 

 acute point or sting, which affords issue to a venomous fluid contained in an 

 internal reservoir, forming a long square, and usually marked in the middle by 

 a longitudinal sulcus, presenting on each side, and near its anterior extremity, 

 three or two simple eyes, forming a curved line, and near the middle of the 

 back two others, also simple, which are approximated. The palpi are very 

 large, with a forceps at the extremity resembling a hand; their first joint forms 

 a concave and rounded jaw. 



These Arachnides inhabit the hot countries of both hemispheres, live on the 

 ground, conceal themselves under stones and other bodies, most commonly in 

 ruins, dark and cool places, and even in houses. They run with considerable 

 swiftness, curving their tail over their back. They can turn it in every direction, 

 and use it for the purposes of attack and defence. With their forceps they 

 seize Onisci and various insects, Carabici, Orthoptere, &c., on which they 

 feed, pierce them with their iting by directing it forwards, and then pass their 



