476 ENTOZOA. 



These worms cling to the intestines by means of their proboscis, and fre- 

 quently penetrate through them, so that individuals are sometimes found in 

 the thickness of their tunics, and even in the abdomen, adhering to their 

 external parietes. 



FAMILY II. 



TREMADOTEA, Rudolphi. 



OUR second family comprises those which are furnished underneath the 

 body, or at its extremity, with organs resembling cupping-glasses, by which 

 they adhere to the viscera. 



They may all be united in one genus, or the 



FASCIOLA, Linnaeus, 



Which may be subdivided in the following manner, according to the number 

 and position of their organs of adhesion. 



FESTUCARIA, Schr MONASTOMA, Zed., 



Where there is but one of those organs, sometimes at the anterior extremity 

 and sometimes underneath the same end. Found in various birds and fishes. 



STKIGKA, Abild. AMPHISTOMA, Rudolphi, 



Where there is a cup at each extremity. Found in various quadrupeds, 

 birds, &c. 



To this subgenus we must probably approximate the 



CARYOPHYLL.KUS, Hl/iinrille, 



Where the head is dilated, fringed, and furnished underneath with a bilabiate 

 sucker, not easily perceived. A second and similar sucker has been occasion- 

 ally seen underneath the tail. 



One species is known, which inhabits various fresh-water fishes, and parti- 

 cularly the bream. 



PISTOMA, Retz and Zed., 



Where there is a sucker at the anterior extremity of the mouth, and a cup, a 

 little posterior to it, on the venter. 



The species are very numerous, and some are found even in the plaited 

 membrane f the eyes of certain birds. Others, however, appear to inhabit 

 fresh and salt water. The most celebrated is 



D. hepatica ; Fosciola hepntica, Lin. It is very common in the hepatic 

 vessels of sheep, but is also found in those of various other Ruminantia, and 

 of the hog, horse, and even of man. Its form is that of a small oval leaf, 

 pointed posteriorly, with a narrowed portion anteriorly, at the end of which is 

 the first sucker, which communicates with a sort of oesophagus, from which 

 arise canals that ramify throughout the body, conveying the bile on which this 



