STATISTICS. 127 



wheat. If we class the products under white crops, 

 so called, such as wheat, barley, oats, etc., and 

 green crops, which include turnips, potatoes, beets, 

 etc., we have about 31 per cent of the average 

 under rotation for the first, and 11 per cent for the 

 latter. 10 



The dairy is the principal interest, although graz- 

 ing is carried on to quite a large extent. In 1866 

 there were 5.7 cows for every hundred acres of area, 

 and 4.6 of other cattle, a total of 10.3 per hundred 

 acres for neat stock. About 35 sheep and 2 pigs are 

 kept for each hundred acres of area, or a total of 

 176.9 head of live stock (not including horses) per 

 hundred acres of area of the county. 11 



It is thus seen that a general description of the 

 county is a semicircle of arable land, surrounded by 

 hills suitable for pasturage, there being a natural dis- 

 tinction between the tillage and pasture land. Owing 

 to this basin-like character, from certain elevations 

 more land under culture can be seen at one time than 

 in any other county in Scotland. 



The population of the county in 1861 was 198, 971. 1 

 It contains valuable mines of coal and iron, which 

 give employment to large numbers, and as a manu- 

 facturing district it stands next in importance to the 

 contiguous counties of Lanark and Renfrew. It is 

 accordingly well supplied with home markets, and 

 its nearness to the city of Glasgow has a favorable 

 influence on its prosperity. 



1 Enc. Brit, xix, 797. 



11 Jour. R. A. S. of Eng. 1866, p. 426. 



