50 INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



the large ones, which are first formed and have had a 

 longer season in which to perfect themselves. 



All the annual vegetables, such as beans, corn, cucum- 

 bers, egg plants, peppers, tomatoes, radishes, peas, melons, 

 etc., produce their seeds the same season as that in which 

 they are planted. 



The biennial vegetables, such as beets, carrots, celery, 

 cabbage, onions, leeks, parsley, salsify, scorzonera, pars- 

 nips, etc., produce their seeds the second year after they 

 are planted, and are raised from roots or plants that have 

 been wintered over. Set them out as early in the spring as 

 the weather permits, setting them the same distance apart 

 as is directed for growing them. 



INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



If a garden is kept well cultivated by having the soil 

 frequently stirred by the hoe, it will not be much troubled 

 by insects, as many of them go into the ground in their 

 pupa state to winter over. The continual digging for the 

 various crops as they succeed each other also destroys 

 them. Nevertheless, there are some which, under almost 

 any circumstances, will annoy the cultivator. One of the 

 most troublesome on newly turned up grass land is the 

 white grub with a black head, the larva of the June bug, 

 or cockchafer. This grub is very voracious, and eats off 

 young cabbage plants and others almost as soon as they are 

 planted. It is difficult to get rid of them, as they are under- 

 ground. Their ravages are clone at night, and the grub 

 may be found early in the morning, by digging for them 

 within two or three inches of the plant gnawed off. 



Moles are particularly destructive to these grubs, as they 

 feed upon them. Here we would say a word in favor of 



