THE VEGETABLE GARDEN 



other rubbish which lie close to the ground ; he does 

 not go far in the earth at this time of year, and a 

 light scraping of the surface of the ground will 

 unearth him in numbers ; wherever found, he should 

 be killed at once. Most of the borers change into 

 smooth, brown chrysalids in the fall, and are found 

 in the ground not far from the surface. Fall 

 ploughing and spading is of much benefit, as it de- 

 stroys considerable numbers of these pests. The 

 cabbage butterfly lays its eggs and hatches out 

 the succulent green worm, which, arriving at an 

 adult stage, spins itself a silken chrysalid which is 

 transmitted into a hard, paper-like shell, which will 

 be found attached to the underside of the window 

 sills, house siding, and other favourable places, the 

 worms sometimes travelling considerable distances 

 to find favourable winter quarters, the shelter they 

 require being of the slightest, a quarter of an inch 

 of projecting wood seeming to meet all require- 

 ments. 



The tomato worm enters the ground to a con- 

 siderable depth before changing into the large 

 brown chrysalid, with its curious-shaped handle, 

 which is the case for its equally curious tongue. In 



studying these worms at close range, it was always 



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