354 VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. 



ledge jealously guarded his own peculiar secrets 

 which he had introduced in the process. 



At length the Abbe Mazeas published the result 

 of his experiments on the subject ; and in the year 

 1765 the French government promulgated all the 

 information which had by its direction been diligently 

 collected. These instructions were entitled ' A Me- 

 moir containing the process for the incarnate red 

 dye of Adrianople on cotton yarn.' Bertholiet, 

 Vitalis, and other eminent chemists, have likewise 

 subsequently given an account of the course of pro- 

 cedure. All nearly agree in the detail, whence it 

 appears that the process is most elaborate and 

 tedious. Many different ingredients are used pre- 

 viously to applying the madder. Oil, sheep's dung, 

 calf's blood, gall-nuts, soda, alum, and subsequently 

 a solution of A 'n are employed, and the yarn under- 

 goes seventeen distinct operations before it is finally 

 imbued with its rich colouring. Many of these ma- 

 terials are considered by Dr. Ure as unnecessary, 

 and his opinion has received the confirmation of an 

 eminent calico-printer, who assured him that oil and 

 alumina are the only essential mordants in the 

 process*. 



It is said that a dilute super-sulphate of potass is 

 now used with success in France for separating the 

 two colouring matters. 



It was not until the year 1790 that the art of 

 dyeing the Turkey red was introduced into our 

 country. At that time M. Papillon, a Frenchman, 

 formed an establishment at Glasgow for carrying 

 on the process. He obtained a premium from the 

 commissioners and trustees for manufactures in 

 Scotland, on the condition of communicating his 

 secret to Dr. Black; it being stipulated on the 



* Note to Berthollet's Elements of the Art of Dyeing, trans- 

 lated by Dr. Ure. 



