1889 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



19 



Planting. This nttiuth lianller trees and shrubs may 

 be planted on well ilralned still. Strip off the leaves- 



Pomegranates. Direetious for Hydrangeas will 

 apply. 



Tigridias, Tuberoses. Treat likelibullulus. Tube- 

 rose bulbs shouhl be stured lu a warmer room. 



Vallota. Conimeuee drying off. 



ViTalks. Coutiuue to keep eleau and rolled down, 

 with etlges ueatly trimmed. 



Weeds. Keep up the warefarc against them to the 

 Inst. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 

 Airins- <.!ive plants under glass au abundance of air 

 daily as long as the weather will permit. Avoid excess 

 of heat, espeelally at night and during cloudy weather. 

 Ardesia crenalata. If Increase of stock is desired, 

 sow seed as soon as ripened. 



Azaleas. Give them a eool. airy place, water care- 

 fully and give perfect drainage. 



Bouvardias, for free, early bloom should be kept In 

 a temperature of 55 to ft) degrees. When kept cooler. 

 Bowers will be later, although just as fine. Syringe 

 freely. WTien making rapid growth give weekly doses 

 of manure water. 



Cacti Water sparingly except the Eplphyllum 

 truncaium varieties. Give a light sunny situation, a 

 temperature of alx>ut 55 degrees, and occasional doses 

 of manure water. 



Camellias. Give plentj- of water at the roots. 

 Syringe foliage. 



Cestrams. After blooming store under the green- 

 bouse benches, or place in a ct>ol, dry cellar. 



Calceolarias from seed to be shifted as needed- 

 Water caref ullj'. Keep near glass.and free from Insects. 

 Air freely. 



Chrysanthemnms to be given manure water until 

 nrst flowers open, but none afterwards. Keep the 

 plants cool; give air freely, fumigate occasionally. 

 Cinerarias. Treat like Calceolarias. 

 Climbers like Thunbergia Harrlsil. etc.. to be kept 

 tied up. Occasional doses of manure water promote 

 free growth. 



Cyclamen Fersicnm to be placed In a light, sunny 

 position close to the glass. 



Diosma fragrans, Chorogemas and similar hard. 

 wooded plants to be placed in a cool part of the hou«e, 

 and given water more sparingly. If watered stall 

 apply freely and thoroughly 

 Ericas. Treat as advised for Diosma. 

 Enphorbia. Temperature at night should be kept 

 at 60 or more degress. Apply manure water bl-weekly. 

 Fuchsias. See directions xmder House Plants. 

 G-ardenias- Water sparingly and place In a temper- 

 ature of about 55 degrees. 



Geraniums for winter ;bloom to be placed In a light. 

 sunny situation, with an average night temperature of 

 from 45 to 55 degrees. 

 Callas for winter bloom to be watered abundantly. 

 Heliotropes. Directions for Bouvardias will apply. 

 Insects to be kept down by careful and timely atten- 

 tion. Fiunigate the house twice a week; or keep the 

 Tobacco tea troughs on the pipes. Use the syringe 

 freely to keep red spider in subjection. Remove scale 

 and mealy bugs by washing. 



Jerusalem Cherries. Treat as directed under House 

 Plants. 



Lachenalias to be potted now for bloom from Janu- 

 ary to March. 



Mignonette, Ten Week Stock, Maurandia, Sweet 

 Alyssiuii, etc., for winter and spring decoration may be 

 sown until last of the month. 



Oxalis. The potted bulbs soon start into growth. 

 Water freely: place in a light, sunny position where 

 an average temperature of 50 degrees is maintained. 

 Poinsettias. Treat as advised for Euphorbia. 

 Requisites. Haul manure, sand, etc., to be on hand 

 when wanted. 



Petunias, Pinks, Carnations, Centaureas, etc., can 

 now be readily propagated. 



Roses. Avoid cold draughts of air. For cut flowers 

 syringe dailj* in bright weather. For spring blooming 

 lift and pot about the middle of the month, place in 

 cold frame to protect by sashes from extremes of cold 

 and wet. 



Salvias splendens will yet bloom for some time if 

 given a favorable sitnation, free watering and occa- 

 sional do.ses of liquid manure. 

 Seedlings. Transplant or pot as may be needed. 

 Verbenas can yet be propagated from cuttings. 



FRUIT, GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Apples. Fall Apples to be harvested just as soon as 

 matured- Winter fruit to be left on the trees until the 

 approach of colder weather. More than usual care 

 should be bestowed on the gathering, packing and 

 marketing of the fruit this season, as the crop here 

 and in Europe Is light and the prospect is for good 

 prices generally. Pack good fruit in clean barrels, and 

 put your name and address legibly on the head, with 

 variety of Apples, grade, etc. Save the culls, and 

 evaporate or sell to evaporating or cider establishments. 



Blackberries need little attention this month, unless 

 winter protection is given. If s'>, trim out the old cane S' 



heail back the young ones, and lay them upon the 

 ground, covering the tips with ^11 or litter. 



Cuttings may now be made of Currants, Goose- 

 berries. Quinces, etc. Tie them in bundles of fifty and 

 bury in the groimd in a welt dralneil spot or in sand Id 

 the cellar. If preferred they can also be planted out in 

 rows two or three feet apart and two inches apHrt In 

 the rt>ws. Grape cuttings had better be tied In bundles 

 and burled nutll spring. 



Grapes. Let them get fully ripe before gathering. 

 Pick when dry, and remove all decayed and imperfect 

 berries. Dispose of the thin-skinned varieties as soon 

 as possible, as they do not keep long. Well-rlpened 

 thick-skinned sorts will keep for a long time If left in 

 a cool room for some days, and then stored in open 

 trays In a dry. cool, airy cellar. The Grape crop Is not 

 so very large this season, that there Is any need of 

 crowding the market at any time. 



Orchard. After the leaves fall Is a good time for 

 pruning or heading back young trees. Plum and Peach 

 trees are generally benefited by trimming off one-third 

 of all young growth. 



Pears to be handled somewhat like Apples. Half 

 barrels or crates make good packages. 



Packages. Get a supply of barrels, half barrels, 

 crates, etc., at once, if not on hand already. 



Picking Apples, Pears, Peaches, etc., can be done 

 conveniently and safely when the needed ladders, 

 baskets, ropes, etc., are at hand, and reasonable care 

 in their use Is exercised. Run no risks. Use none but 

 ladders strong euoughto bear the strain, and fasten in 

 the trees In such a way that they can neither slip nor 

 slide. A little care would save many a fall, broken 

 limbs, etc. 



Planting. Apple and Pear trees, Raspberry and 

 Blackberry plants, etc., may be set now with advan- 

 tage. For Peach trees we prefer spring planting. 

 Setting Strawberries, especially at the north, and on a 

 large scale, should also be deferred until spring. 



Raspperries. Treat like Blackberries. 



Storing. A cool cellar, dry enough to prevent mold- 

 ing, yet moist enough to prevent shriveling. Is service- 

 able for storing Apples, Pears, Grapes, etc. Put up 

 shallow bins or tiers of shelves. Tree fruits to be 

 kept for any length of time should be gathered just as 

 soon as mature, and rather earlier than fruit that is to 

 be consumed soon. 



Yonug trees need careful Inspection. Sometimes a 

 label wire is choking the life out of one, or newly bud- 

 ded trees are nearly strangled by the ligature used in 

 budding. Remove the wires, cut the ligature. Also 

 head the young growth back where needed to improve 

 the shape of tree. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Aspaiagus. Cut and remove the tops before the 

 seeds are shed, then apply a coat of manure. 



Beets to be gathered before freezing weather. Cut 

 off the tops an inch from the crown and store in pits 

 or in sand In a cool cellar. 



Cauliflower. The late crop should be protected 

 from suu and dew, by folding some of the large leaves 

 over the heads and tying there. 



Celery needs considerable attention from now on. 

 Earth up what Is wanted for fall or early winter. 

 Handle what is to be wintered in trenches or In the 

 cellar. 



Egg Plants. Gather all large specimens before frost. 

 If desired, a few plants may be carefully lifted and 

 placed under glass to prolong the supply. 



Endive can be nicely blanched in cold frame. Take 

 up from open ground with a ball of earth attached to 

 each plant and set out closely together in frame. Keep 

 reasonably dry and air freely. 



Peppers. Pull up the plants before frost, and hang 

 up under a shed or otherwise out of the reach of frost. 

 Thus the supply may be kept up for some time. 



Rhubarb should have a good coat of manure. 



Spinach. Cultivate and thin the crops for spring. 



Squash. Gather before frost and store in a diy situ- 

 ation out of the reach of frost. 



Stakes. Poles, etc. Gather and put under cover. 



Sweet Potatoes. After the first light frost cut off 

 the tops, dig carefully to avoid bruising; then store in 

 a dry place iu a temperature of 5U to 60 degrees. 



Tomatoes. Treat as described for Peppers. A few 

 plants might also be protected in open ground by 

 frames, sashes or otherwise. A first fall frost is usually 

 followed by weeks of fair, warm weather, and the 

 plants thus saved from destruction will often yield a 

 supply of Tomatoes for quite a while. 



Turnips. Continue cultivating until foliage covers 

 the ground. 



FRUIT AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS. 



Figs. Reduce supply of moisture both overhead and 

 at the roots as soon as fruit is gathered. 



Grapes. Keep earliest houses cool and dry. Prune 

 the successional houses as soon as the leaves begin to 

 fall. In the late houses the fruit will be about ripe. 

 Keep them cool and dry. Remove all decaying berries 

 as soon as noticed. 



Guavas should be well supplied with water, other- 

 wise loss of the entire crop may l>e the result. 



Lettuce. Plants from the August sowings can be set 

 out for the earliest crop, and those raised from Sep- 

 tember sowings packed Into cold frames In rows an 

 Inch or so each way. 



Limes, Lemons, Oranees. Wash the trees occas- 

 sloually with soapy water. Thin (^>ut the fruit where 

 too thick. Water occasionally with li<!uid manure. 



Parsley for winter use is easily secured by carefully 

 lifting the plants and placing them lu a cold frame. 

 Some boxes can be filled and placed In the greenhouse 

 or kitchen window. Set the plants four Inches apart 

 each way. 



Peaches and Nectarines In cool or slightly heated 

 houses should have an abundance of air in order to 

 properly ripen off the wood. Trees in tubs should be 

 treated like Figs. 



Rhubarb. For winter forcing lift the roots toward 

 the end of the month, and store In frames in cellars 

 until wanted. 



Strawberries. If not yet done, repot into sLxinch 

 pots, and plunge In coal ashes In an airy place. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 



Stunted chicks will never make good-sized_ 

 fowls. 



Feed regularly. Never let the chicks go to 

 bed hungry. Also feed as early as possible in the 

 morning:. 



Profit in Geese. Pick geese every ten days ex- 

 cept during the coldest weather of winter. The 

 feathers can be made to be a. source of consider- 

 able income with good management. 



Making a Poultry Fence. A good plan is to 

 board up tight the first two feet and then use 

 woven wire netting to receive the desired height. 

 The boards will make a good protection at a com- 

 paratively small cost.— Farmer and Breeder. 



Soft-shelled Eggs. Mr. Jacobs states that all 

 the bone and oyster shells in the world will not 

 prevent fowls from laying. *oft-shelled eggs. The 

 remedy is to give less grain and more bulky food, 

 and compel them to work and take exercise. 



Bones for Poultry. Gather up the bones and 

 either break or grind them for the poultry. 

 There are few if any materials that will excel 

 this for a poultry food and very often they are 

 simply allowed to go to waste.— F. and B. 



Feeding Buckwheat. It is very fattening and 

 stimulating. It is not largelj' used in this coun- 

 try for poultry food. In England, France, Rus- 

 sia, and especially in Germany, it forms an im- 

 portant part of poultry food.— Poultry Monthly. 



Clip Rooster's Spurs. If you have any old 



cocks running around amongst your flocks, ex- 

 amine them on the roost at night. If their spurs 

 are Jong and sharp, take a die and file them down. 

 A sharp spur often causes serious damage to the 

 hens. 



liilk for Fowls. My three hundred fowls, little 

 and big. manage to drink twelve gallons of milk 

 a day, besides much of their soft food being 

 mixed up with milk, or cooked with it. Still the 

 flock has never known cholera, or in fact any 

 other disease for years.— Country Gentleman. 



Feather Eating. This occurs principally among 

 little fowls. It is a very bad habit and should be 

 stopped. It occurs mostly where they are con- 

 fined in yards and shows a lack of animal food. 

 Supply them liberally with raw meat, also ground 

 bone, shells, etc. If this does not stop the racket 

 chop the offending fowl's head off.— Ex. 



Ducks are Healthy. There is less risk of dis- 

 ease with ducks than with any other fowls. If 

 they can have a free range during the day and a 

 comfortable house at night, and are fed lightly, 

 they will need vei'y little other attention, while 

 they are good layers, a good table fowl and fur- 

 nish a good supply of feathers.— F. and B. 



Grass for the Confined Birds. l>o not throw 

 grass over into the yards to be trampled, but cut 

 it up fine and place it in the troughs. No other 

 food need be given until night. It re<iuires but 

 a few minutes to cut up a large amount; even 

 with shears. Such food will not render them too 

 fat, and is just what the hens want for producing 

 e^g^-— Farm and Fireside. 



Egg Preservative. Take a teacupful of salt, 

 and lime the size of an egg, and pour boiling 

 water on them. When cold, drain off the liquor 

 and put it on the eggs. If too strong there will 

 be a crust on top; if so, add more water. This is 

 for two gallons of liquor. There is no receipt 

 that beats this, and it can relied upon. Eggs put 

 down in August and used in April are just as 

 fresh and make just as nice frostings as newly 

 laid ones.— The Magnet. 



Lime on the Yards. By scattering fine lime 

 over the yards, occasionally (and also on the 

 floors and walls of the poultry-house), it will 

 greatly aid in warding off disease, and will be an 

 obstacle to the progress of lice. The house should 

 be cleaned out and the lime dusted over every 

 part, ft will also aid in making the soil more 

 fertile, and if at any time a crop is grown in the 

 yard, the manurial and chemical effects of the 

 time will be noticable. Carbolateof lime may be 

 prepared by adding a gill of carbolic acid to a 

 quart of boiling water and using such water to 

 slack stone lime. Use it only when in a fine con- 

 dition.— Farm and Fireside. 



