38 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



November, 



FROM 

 TOE 



SOCIETIES 



EIWHATrERThAT DbiilrveS 



TO aEVnOELYKMOW^ 



Salway Peach, yalway 

 'ripening a little later than 

 Smock is a good free-stone. 

 -E. A.Rhii'L 



Go to the Meetings. The 

 farmers of this country do 

 not talk enough.— Jttciflc G. 

 Barltcr. 



Size of Fruit Farm. Twenty-five acres is too 

 much for any man to own who grows small 

 fruits.— A'. E. Dodye. 



The winter exhibit of the Illinois State Hor- 

 ticultural Society will be held in Hamilton, Ills., 

 December, 10, 11 and 12. 



Niagara Orape was seriously criticised by 

 members of the Michigan Horticultural Society 

 as not hardy, and subject to rot and mildew. 



Sign of Eeflnement. As a general thing, you 

 won't see the rough element of the human fam- 

 ily taking to auwers.—HonieHsviUe Farmer's 

 Cluh. 



Co-operation, rhautauqua Horticultural So- 

 ciety is in favor of a combination among growers 

 to avoid e.tcessivc shipments to a market already 

 over-loaded. 



The Hog Market. We have a lot of poor 

 Apples this year, and they are falling very badly. 

 So we have turned the hogs in the orchard, thus 

 securing the best market for the poor stuff we 

 can get.— roi. JWi7cs, .4/(0)1 South Ith. Hoii. Sue. 



The Annual Chrysanthemum Show of the 

 Hampden County (Mass.) Horticultural Society 

 will be held In Springfield, November Uth to llith. 

 It is expected to be the largest e.\hibit of the 

 " Queen of Autumn" ever held in the state west 

 of Boston.— IT. F. Gale. 



Cling Stone Peaches. They sell ,iust about as 

 well as frcc-stoncs it properly handled. They 

 grow better, handle better, ship better, and are 

 always lietter flavored. After people learn how 

 to get them off the stones, they prefer them.— 

 B. A. Riehl. AViin Suuthern Illi. Hint. Saeiety. 



A Chrysanthemum and Fall Floral Show will 

 be held in Charleston, S. C, on November 5, 6, 7 

 and 8th. Mr. P. J. Berckmans, Pres. Am. Pom. 

 Society, will be the sole .iudge. A great number 

 of exhibits are expected, and premium list in- 

 cludes an award of $25 and certificate for best 

 display of 24 varieties, three each, of cut flowers. 

 E. B. Hiilllntis. 



Best Raspberries and Blackberries. Among 

 varieties of Raspberries Mr. Soott tfild the mem- 

 bers of Michigan Horticultural Society that he 

 finds none better for Michigan than Souhegan 

 or Tyler for early, and Gregg for late ; for red. 

 Hansel! or Marlboro tor early and Cuthbert for 

 late. Of Blackberries, he would only recom- 

 mend the Taylor and Snyder. 



Culture for Peaches. Mr. McCreery reports 

 that many trees, especially on rich soil, ha\e no 

 Peaches on. On top of the hill where the land 

 is so poor that he could not raise white Beans, 

 the trees are full. He gave the trees thorough 

 cultivation and Peaches will be very large. H. 

 Markhara said : Early varieties like Amsden's 

 June and Alexander are full; later varieties, 

 none. Wanlitenaw ( AficJi.i Pom. Soektjj. 



Love of Flowers. Show me a man who is fond 

 of flowers, one who is ready to make some little 

 sacrifice that his wife may indulge her fancy, 

 and I will show you an enchanted home, and a 

 kind, loving, tender father, whose sympathies 

 are ever open to the wants of those entrusted to 

 his care. 1 will show you cultured sons as well 

 as daughters, and almost without an exception, 

 a harmonious family.— Mrs. S. M. Livermiire, 

 Mo. Hort. Soe-et}!. 



Varieties of Currants. On soils inclined to be 

 sandy the Red Dutch is the best, on heavy soil 

 Red butch, Stewart, White Grape, Long Bunch 

 Holland and Black Naples. On heavy soil the 

 Long Bunch Holland lives the longest, makes 

 the largest bush and bears the most fruit of any 

 variety I have ever seen. It retains its foliage 

 all through our hot dry summers, and frequently 

 holds its fruit till September. It is very valuable 

 on that account. It needs more room than any 

 other variety and they should be set five feet in 

 the row by six feet between rows.— iV. F. Brand, 

 Minn. Hort. Society. 



Potato Hot. Mr. C. M. Weed stated before the 

 Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Sci- 

 ence that an experiment in preventing the in- 

 juries of Potato rot have lead to the following 

 provisional conclusions : 1. That a large pro- 

 portion of the injury done by Potato rot can be 

 prevented by spraying the vines with the Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 2. That the treatment appar- 

 ently diminishes the amount of scab affecting the 

 tubers. 3. That adding London purple to the 

 mixture, the same treatment may be made effec- 

 tive in preventing the injuries of both the rot 

 and Colorado Potato beetle. 



Ornamental Planting. Children should be 

 taught the importance and methods of orna- 

 mental planting Before I was eight years old I 

 was interested in gardening and tree planting. 

 The cost need not deter any one, as there are few 

 communities where trees and plants and flowers 

 can not be procured for digging. An old gentle- 

 man who had handsomely ornamented his 

 grounds, sold for a high price and built a modest 

 house near by. When asked if he did not regret 

 the change, he replied that he did not, for he 

 could enjoy the trees he had planted fifty years 

 ago and nurtured for almost a lifetime, just as 

 well as before.— Hon. J. M. Pearson, Ills. State 

 Hort. Soeiety. 



Soil for Grapes. For soil a deep, warm, sandy 

 loam which will give the earliest start in spring 

 and make a moderate growth of well-ripened 

 sound wood is better than a richer muck or 

 colder clay in this climate for we need all the 

 warmth we can secure in our short summers to 

 develop the fruit and bring the growing vine to 

 perfect maturity. A stiff clay with proper expo- 

 sure is better than muck, while limestone is quite 

 desirable. To prepare for planting, plow deep 

 and fine. If the soil is poor and you desire to 

 fertilize it, employ ground bone or wood ashes 

 for that purpose ; stable manure will promote a 

 rank growth of wood and late unripe fruit to be 

 killed by the first frosts of autumn, to the great 

 injury of both root and vine.— /I. N Wilcox, 

 Minn Hurt. Sociilij. 



Hybrid Perpetual Boses. 1 should never start 

 them into growth in this locality before the 

 middle of December. Start them very slowly 

 when commencing to force them. A tempera- 

 ture of forty is i)lent.v for the first two weeks, 

 then as they break into growth steadily increase 

 the heat. Started too warm they will make rapid 

 growth, but scarcely any flowers, not having 

 time to develop their flower buds. The \'arieties 

 that are generally grown for forcing in the dull 

 season, are the following: American Beauty, 

 Catherine Mermet, The Bride, Perle des Jardins, 

 La France, Niphetos,W. F. Bennett, Sunset, Mme. 

 Cusin, Souvenir d'un Ami, Papa Gontier, etc. 

 Of these I consider Catherine Mermet, Perle des 

 Jardins, and La France the cream. The latter 

 Rose leaves nothing to be desired in color, size 

 and fragrance. - George Savaae,hefore tlieWc^tem 

 New York Horticnltural Society. 



Orcharding ifor Profit. I am satisfied that we 

 can quite easily overcome all the attacks of in- 

 sects by taking the matter in time. The great 

 cause of failure is that we don't commence soon 

 enough. 1 think it is impossible to o\erdo or- 

 charding from the fact that the demand for fruit 

 increases at a great deal more rapid rate than it 

 is possible for us to increase our orchards. Some 

 years ago when I first began to take an interest 

 in Apple culture, we thought a dollar a barrel 

 for Apples was an enormous, an extravagant 

 price and that there was nothing we could grow 

 on the farm that would pay so well as Apples at 

 half-a-dollar a barrel. Now we are not satisfied 

 with two dollars a barrel. 1 don't see that we 

 should be afraid of the future. ^ s to the or- 

 chard, I say plant as many trees as you can take 

 care of, and then stop.— iVfi'. DcmpseiJ, before the 

 Untario Fruit Groieer:^' As.^oeiation. 



Buying a Place for Market Gardening. 1 had 

 a hankering tor the soil again. One day I rode 

 by the old Whittemore place. I had my boy 

 with me. Thei'C was a red flag out. He saw it 

 and knew what it meant. We had talked at 

 home about buying a farm. He said, " Papa, 

 buy a farm." I alighted and looked it over. I 

 never saw such a magnificent croi> of weeds. It 

 was the roughest looking place 1 ever saw. I 

 made up my mind that land that would bear 

 such fine weeds would bear other croi)s it it had 

 a chance. 1 went in, made one offer and got the 

 farm. The buildings were worth nothing. That 

 was in 1878. Well, we raked the chickweed to- 

 gether. In some places it was six or eight inches 

 high. There were places that we could not get 



on with man or beast, and the frogs had it all 

 their own way. Alders and such growth were 

 there. Some of this land was among the best on 

 the farm. I tile-drained it. About that time re- 

 tired from business and went out there myself, 

 attending to it faithfully. I found it would 

 raise good crops as 1 expected. In three or four 

 years that old place paid me better than any 

 other investment 1 ever ma.de.- Mr. Moore before 

 the Ma»s. Hort- Society. 



The Grape Cure. At the last Horticultural 

 'Convention several persons were present who 

 had been under treatment at establishments on 

 the Rhine, all of whom concurred in the state- 

 ment that their health had been substantially 

 improved by the treatment. Only the most 

 thoroughly ripe black Grapes were used. These 

 were taken at inter\als during the day, the 

 quantity being gradually increased until the i)a- 

 tient consumed from three to five pounds a day. 

 The seeds and skins were avoided, and a little 

 meat was taken daily to strengthen the system. 

 In another case cited the skins and seeds were 

 swallowed with the pulp; in another they were 

 chewed to obtain their chemical qualities, but 

 were not swallowed. At one establishment the 

 juice was pressed each day from selected Grapes, 

 which while being kept were suspended in the 

 air. The juice was pressed from the Grapes in 

 the presence of the patient, and was adminis- 

 tered in doses, graduated from a spoonful up to 

 much larger quantity, as the patient was 

 strengthened. The Grape cure is most efficient 

 in liver and kindred complaints. The opinion 

 was expressed by the convention that Grape- 

 cure establishments would be an attractive fea- 

 ture if established in ('alifiunia, and would be 

 remunerative to the projectors, but the fact was 

 emphasized that exercise, pleasant surroundings, 

 and pure air were necessary accom|ianiments if 

 the best results were to be obtained. 



The Origin of the Florist's Carnation. 



(E.rtract of Paper by ."^Utirti'i/ Hibbcrd. reatl before 

 th^ English Ciirnatinn and Picotee'.^ Society's .Slioir.) 



The wild forms of Dianthus that might 

 by any possibility be regardei,! as the pa- 

 rents of the Carnation are three In number 

 only : The Sweet William may be regarded 

 as the garden form of Dianthus barbatiis, 

 the Pink may be an improved edition of 

 Dianthus phimarius, and the Carnation 

 differs in no essential particulars from the 

 wild form of Dianthus earyophyllus, though 

 larger, fuller, richer, and immensely various 

 in coloring. In its general character it 

 stands distinctly apart from D. barbatus 

 and D. plumariiis as free from any taint of 

 other blood. 



The wild Carnation is registered as occurring 

 at Rochester, Deal, Norwich. Rouen, and places 

 thence southward to the Mediterranean. D. 

 caryopbyllus is constant in its characters and it 

 never produced Pinks or Sweet Williams, how- 

 ever degenerate the seed might be, while as to 

 time of flowering, it did not usually flower im- 

 til the Pinks and Sweet Williams had finished 

 their season, a sulficient reason for their so sel- 

 dom appearing side by side in e.\hibitions. We 

 have mule Pinks but n(> mule Carnations ; all the 

 several forms of the flower, whether (.'loves. 

 Show flowers. Fancies, or "tree" Carnations, 

 were true to the leading characters of the 

 species, the limits of variation being ai)parently 

 sharply defined by Nature. 



As to the age of this flower we have a pretty 

 clear history of it for 3(10 years, but it is more 

 likely to be a thousand than 300 years old as a 

 garden flower. Turner in 1550 spoke of it as less 

 the child of Nature than the product of the 

 labor and wit of man, a statement that certainly 

 suggests that long ere Turner's time the florists 

 had operated on the flower and made it beauti- 

 ful and popular. The Carnation was valued by 

 the ancients tor the flavoring of beverages, and 

 this consideration gives a clue to the meaning of 

 the assertitm of Pliny in his xxv. book, that the 

 cantabrica was obtained by the Romans from 

 Spain in the days of -Augustus, who entered on 

 the consulship on January 1st, B.C. 33, which 

 carries back the history of the flower as nearly 

 as need be to 2000 years. When Gerard published 

 in 151)0, Carnations were identiful in gardens, and 

 he records obtaining a yellow variety from Po- 

 land through the kindness of a friend. Lately 1 

 have submitted to certain friends a list of .'J20 

 varieties of Carnations that were conspicuous 

 in prize lists in the year 18S2, and these friends 



