iSgo. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



95 



Salomr. Mr. T. T. I>yon of Jtichigan 

 considers it third or fourth rate in quality, 

 and not so very aUriictive in appearance 

 or size. Tree not hardy; growers in Ontario 

 and Micliigan liave no need of it. 



(irimc's (ioUlrn. Prof. Sannders spealvs 

 in praise of its fine iiuality, luit the men of 

 the fruit committee say it is not attractive 

 enough, and not linown enough to bring an 

 extra price. Its color is against it. Looks 

 too much like common poor stuff. 



lied CdiKidii. Is a long keeper, says Mr. 

 T,yon,and often passes as a Baldwin in mar- 

 ket. Mr. Wilson states that the exporters 

 label any red Canadian Apple they don't 

 know. "Red Canada." People can not tell 

 how the true variety would sell. 



Ben Ihivif:. Mr. Denipsey states that he 

 can make more money from one tree of Ben 

 Davis, than from one tree of any other kind. 

 He encourages the growth of good healthy 

 foliage, by judicious pruning and thinning, 

 and gets fine well-colored fruit. Sold his 

 crop at *:} per bbl. in the orchard this year. 

 Mr. A. Elliott says the grower who sells a 

 barrel to his neighbor for S2 robs him of 

 *1.T.5. Would not advise anyone to plant it. 

 The ex-president fears that wlien the con- 

 sumer in England gets better acquainted 

 with it, they will not want it any more. The 

 Baldwin now is gradually losing in favor, 

 and R. I. Greening is growing. The oppo- 

 sition against the poor quality of Ben Davis 

 among members was quite general, although 

 some held that its proper season was spring, 

 and at that time a Ben Davis was better 

 than no Apple. 



AppJcs for Essex County. Mr. Alonson 

 Elliott complains that we have no good 

 early Apple. Early Harvest is now a failure, 

 scabby, cracked, etc. Red Astrachan, 

 Dutchess, etc., none are good. Fameuse 

 (Snow) is a good late fall fruit. For winter 

 Baldwin is good. He can afford to raise it 

 for SI per bbl. easier than King for *2. 

 Complains about tree dealers. A neighbor 

 bought 100 Baldwins. He has now five 

 Baldwins and 95 other varieties. He never 

 bought an Astrachan, yet has 13 of them. 

 The tree agent knew better what he wanted 

 probably. The Russet grows deformed. 

 Of Spitzenberg there is not a barrel of good 

 ones in the county. Talman Sweet is best 

 for baking, and a good hardy tree. Northern 

 Spy better adapted to heavy soil than to 

 light. Other Apples that find a place with 

 the speaker are Greening, Stark, Mann, 

 Canada Red, Peck's Pleasant. 



Fruits for Exhibit. The discussion on 

 the question: Should fruits exhibited be the 

 honn fidi: growth of the exhibitor:- resulted 

 in the adoption by the Society of a resolu- 

 tion, that in the opinion of the Association 

 all exhibitors of fruits at fairs should be re- 

 quired to sign a declaration that the fruits 

 shown are of their own growth, and that 

 they agree to forfeit all premiums, and be 

 deprived of the privilege of exhibiting for 

 two years,if this!proves otherwise. Mr.McD. 

 Allan speaks against the practice of induc- 

 ing individuals, by premiums, to exhibit 

 large collections, as it is not profitable to 

 grow so many varieties. Premiums might, 

 however, be offered properly for large col- 

 lections exhibited by societies. 



Horticulture in School Room. Mr. 

 Chas. W. Garfield { Michigan ) speaks very 

 earnestly about the problem of interesting 

 the young in horticluture. He does not 

 believe that thi^ can be done in the school- 

 room until the instructors themselves are 

 interested. This is not now the case, and 

 little can be hoped from that quarter at 

 present: but we might have neighborhood 

 gatherings: not such of the men only, to 

 talk of Apples, and how much they bring 

 in market, etc. The women and children 

 should be sandwiched in, and the gathering 

 be made of interest to them.— Mr. A. Mc- 



Neil of the High School of Windsor tells 

 that he finds little difficulty in interesting 

 his scholars in horticultural matters, but he 

 does it as far as practicable by means of 

 object lessons. To demonstrate the prin- 

 ciples of budding, for instance, he takes 

 some young wood, and some buds to school, 

 and performs the operation before their 

 eyes. Thus they learn it easily, and are 

 anxious to begin practical experiments. 



Hardy Fruits. Prof. Wm. Saunders, 

 Director of the Experiment Stations, calls 

 attention to the fact that in the northern 

 part of the Province there are thousands of 

 people who have as yet no fruit of any kind. 

 It is one of the chief objects of the stations 

 to introduce from similar climates in other 

 countries, orto originate such sorts of fruits, 

 especially Apples that are perfectly hardy, 

 so that fruit can be at every man's door. 

 Hopes much from Prof. Budd's and Mr. 

 Gibb's work. New consignments of later 

 Apples and of Cherries are on the way from 

 Russia. Seedsof fair eating Apples, Pears 

 and Cherries have been procured from Riga 

 in Russia, or north of it. Thus far 1,.500 

 seedlings have been grown at the stations, 

 and will be planted out. By making similar 

 experiments on a scale large enough, the 

 chances of success will be multiplied. Man- 

 itoba wants some Apples, and anything in 

 the line will do, if only hardy enough. An 

 arrangement has been made with the U. S. 

 authorities in Washington, D. C, for an 

 exchange of seeds, plants, etc., between the 

 United States Department of Agriculture 

 and Stations. 



Fruit Growers' Meeting. Prof. Saund- 

 ers also announces that a meeting of the 

 Canadian fruit growers will be held at 

 Ottawa on Feb. nith,'20th and -Jlst, 1890, and 

 the Canadian government offers quite an 

 amount of prizes for best exhibits of Cana- 

 dian fruits. 



Ev.\PORATlON OF FRUITS. Mr. L. B. Rice, 

 of Port Huron, Mich., gives an interesting 

 account of the gradual development of the 

 industry. The importance of an evaporating 

 establishment is not measured by the per 

 cent of profit it yields to the owner, but by 

 the amount of money brought into the 

 vicinity by it. A great danger is at present 

 threatening the evaporated Apple industry. 

 The^ Hamburg local authorities have for- 

 bidden the sale of American evaporated 

 apples for the reason that zinc oxide (a strong 

 poison) has been found on them. The pres- 

 ence of this oxide is due to the chemical 

 action of the fruit acid on the zinc with 

 which the galvanized iron wire screens or 

 trays are coated, not to the action of the sul- 

 phuric acid used in bleaching, as was sup- 

 posed by some parties. Hamburg and 

 Amsterdam are our principal foreign mar- 

 kets for evaporated Apples, and New York 

 exporters say that up to this date our export 

 demand has been next to nothing. We can 

 sell in Hamburgh only if the goods are ac. 

 companied by a chemist's certificate that 

 they are free from zinc. This is a grave 

 affair and should not be passed by lightly. 

 We will have to meet the case by using 

 wooden trays or ungalvanized wire cloth. 

 Here is a matter to receive the attention 

 of the makers of evaporating outfits. 



Specialties. Mr. McD. Allan speaks in 

 favor of growing special crops in each sec- 

 tion. WTiere Peaches and Grapes succeed 

 as they do in this section of Canada, let 

 Peaches and Grapes be made a specitilty. 

 It pays to cultivate the soil, and to feed the 

 crops properly. Growers are yet too neg- 

 lectful in these respects. He also mentions 

 that it would be absurd to attempt advising 

 from a distance any one what varieties of 

 fruits to plant in a given locality. An ex- 

 pert can give a list of valuable fruits, but 

 the grower himself must select from it those 

 best suited to his particular soil and section. 



THE COMPLETE GARDEN.* 

 XXXIIL 



BY A WELL-KSOWS HORTICUI.'njRIST. 



{Continued from page T2.) ■ 



CLASSIFIED LISTS OF ANNUAL AND BIENNIAL 

 FLOWERS. 



For Key to Selection sec December Issue. 

 Class 6. Half-hardy Annuals and Biennials. 

 The kinds of annuals embraced under this 

 head are such as need for germination and 

 growth, the aid of more heat, than do the 

 hardy annuals, in this respect being like 

 Corn, Beans, Tomatoes, etc. among garden 

 vegetables. The seeds should therefore not 

 be sown outdoors until the season is some- 

 what advanced, say at Corn-planting time — 

 or when warm weather is near at hand; if 

 sown when the ground is cold they are 

 liable to rot. 



H^ame, height in feet. Color. Season. 



Abronia. Several 



varieties— ^ ..... rose July, Aujr. 



X H Acroclinium (fiose 



Everlasting). Sev- 

 eral varieties, In- 



cludiDK double — I. rose, etc . . . E verlast'g. 

 AlODsagrandiflora— l.scar/cf .. June, Oct. 

 r (()) Althiva {Hollyhoeli) in 



variety— 3-6 vaiiotis .. Aug., Oct. 



X Amaranthus in var- 

 iety. Including Lotx 



Lies Bleedinij, Prin- 



ecss Feather, Foun- 

 tain Plant, etc — 2-d.red,ete ..Augr,, Oct. 

 Anagallis [Pimpeniel) 



in variety— 1 TAue, etc. ..June, Oct. 



T Aster. In large vai-- 



iety and many colors 



—1-3 varimis Aug., Oct. 



X Braehycome iberidi- 



foUa iSwan River 



Daisy)— H blue Aug., Oct. 



Callirhoe pedata— 2..uio!e(,«)MteJuly, Sept. 

 X (ft) Campanula medium 



{Canterbury Bclbin 



variety wh ite.pinkJune, Sept. 



/ r Centaurea {Dusty Mil- 



!<T)gymnocarpa— IHpurpie. 



Candida— 1 white. 



s Cherianthus (Wall 



flower"! in var.— 1-2 ycHow, etc June,Sept. 

 Dahlia, Single in var . ranoiis ... July, Sept. 

 b Euphorbia marjinata 



Variegated S^mrge) 



—2 vartegotcd.Sept. 



Fenzlia dianthiflora 



— "^s cream.etc. June, Aug 



r GaiUardiapictaiPa!n(€<i 



aaiUardia)—! yellow, etc. Aug , Oct. 



i( Helipterum Sanfordi 



— I'^i j/ettoic. .. .Everlast'g. 



Zh Linum iFlax\ Sev- 

 eral species and var- 

 ieties— 1-2 i^artous . . Aug., Sept. 



s Lobelia gracilis in 



variety—)^ bluc,etc. June,Sept. 



s{h) Mathiola biennis {In- 



termcdiate and 



Brompton Stocks) — 



1^-2 x^arious ... June,.Vug. 



!< Mesembryanthemum 



glabrum(De!i'Pton() 



— J4 red .. .. July, Sept, 



Y Slormordica balsam- 



ina {Balsam Apple) 



—10 yellow. 



Nemophila {Love 



Grove)invaT.—%... various .. July, Sept. 

 Pansy. See Viola tri- 

 color. 

 fz Perilla Nankinensis. pu77)k. .. Aug.,Sept. 



Y Petunia hybrids, etc. 



Various— 1-1!^ .. various ...July, Oct. 



Salpiglossis hybrida— l.scaWet . . Aug., Sept. 



r Seypanthuselegans— 5yf!;uic. Aug., Sept. 



Th Verbena hybrida— ?4 various July, Oct 



Y Viola tricolor {Pansy 



or HeaiVs Ease). 



Many varieties . .varimis May, Nov. 

 f Zea Japonica (Japan- 

 ese Striped Maize)— o July, Sept. 



Class 7. Tender Annnals, Perennials etc. 

 Tender annuals require even more heat 

 for germination and growth than do the 

 half-hardy class, their needs being similar 

 in this respect to Squashes, Peppers, Egg 

 •Copyright, 1887. Popular Gardening Publishing Co. 



