1889. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



201 



t'ffeot will be tnipntved. The Him sliouM be to main- 

 lain neatness and attractive features in all parts of the 

 Krounds. 



Hedges of all kinds should be sheared Just as the 

 season's growth begins to bardeo. This checks the 

 growth without Injury, 

 Hollyhocks. Look to proper thinning. 

 Layering mayb e done as stxin as strong young shoot 

 of perennials, Roses, Shrubs, etc., are formed. 



Lawn. Mow frequently, but not so often In a dry 

 time as when the weather Is more favorable to growth. 

 Look out for seedUngsof weeds In the grass. Thistles. 

 Docks, etc.. are easily pulled while small and the soil 

 is moist. If done now. It will save much trouble in 

 the future. 



Lilies and Tritomas when In bloom need an abuud 

 ance of water. Make a basin around each plant, and 

 All with wat«r several times during the flowering 

 season. 



Mnlching over the roots will benefit Dahlia.«, Chrys- 

 antbemunis. Carnations. Lilies, Kuchlas, Rhododen- 

 drons, etc. First stir the soil around the plants, apply 

 the mulch and leave on for the whole summer. 

 Pansies. Sow seed for fall flowers. 

 Shrubs. The best time to prune shrubs that bloom 

 In spring and early summer, is when they are done 

 flowering. They have now a season of growth ahead 

 In which to provide flowering branches for another 

 year. 



Supports. Provide Sweet Peas, Morning Glory and 

 all other climbers with support aa needed. Stake 

 Dahlias and Gladiolus, and tie them firmly t-o prevent 

 damage by sudden storms of wind and rain. Pinks 

 should also be tied to stakes. 



Trumpet "Vine iBignonia rarfican-s) may be trained 

 to a weeping tree form. First stop the stem at proper 

 height, and afterwards the laterals. 



Verbenas and other trailing bedding plants to be 

 pegged dowTi, Bring some of the vigorous young 

 branches dowTi to the earth, fixing them here by 

 wooden or metal hooks, or pegs. Many kinds will then 

 take root where pegged, and altogether give a great 

 increase of growth and bloom. This treatment can be 

 recommended for Verbenas, Petunias, Roses, Achy 

 ranthe?,Altemautheras,Lantana<. Clematis and almost 

 any kind perennials, tender or hardy. 



Weeds need frequent attention. A strong, stift" knife 

 to cut the roots below the surface is useful. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 



Achimenes to be given occasional doses of liquid 

 manure. 



Azaleas, Lemons, and the most tender shrub.s to be 

 moved out doors for the summer Into partially shaded 

 places, as under trees with light foliage, or temporary 

 arbors made of laths or slats. 



Bonvardias, Carnations and other winter-flowering 

 plants ts be pinched back as required. 



General Directions . After the plants for out doors 

 have been moved from the greenhouse or conservatory 

 It should be thoroughly cleaned for the summer. What- 

 ever has to be done in the line of repairing and build- 

 ing should be attended to early, that all may 1>e in 

 proper shape by the time of occupancy next fall. 



Orchids. Before the end of the month many kinds 

 will have finished their growth, and wlllneed a lighter 

 position than during the season of growth iu which to 

 mature. Provide the necessary heat and moisture for 

 those that are making still vigorous growth. Odonto- 

 glossums and some others requiring cool treatment, 

 must not be kept in a temperature higher than "Hf F. 



Palms, Ficus, and other sub-tropical plants may 

 now be plunged to the brim out doors. 



Primroses of all kinds, but especially the double 

 whlt«, to be provided with heavy shade overhead from 

 now until October. 



Propagation. See directions imder House Plants. 



Seed Sowing. See directions under House Plants. 



Roses and other winter flowering plants to be re- 

 potted if needed, and kept plunged and well watered. 



Stove Plants. Summer bloomers should be removed 

 to cooler quarters while in flower. 



Shading the glass overhead with a wash made of 

 naptha mixed with white lead, to resemble thin milk, 

 or even with common whitewash, keeping windows 

 and ventilators open, dashing water about freely in 

 walks and under the stages, will make the greenhouse 

 an attractive and not uncomfortable place all through 

 the summer. 



Pincliing Back, Wlnt«r blooming plants in pots or 

 bedded out, such as Carnations, Bonvardias, Heliotrope 

 Polnsettias, Stevlas, etc., should now in their early 

 growth be pinched freely to Induce shapely, well- 

 branched forms. 



Grafts rert'utly set to be examined and superfluous 

 shoots tA> be removed. 



Grapes. Vines set this spring should bear but a 

 single shoot, which Is to be kept tied up. Guard 

 against overbearing of older vines. Keep carefully 

 tied to trellis. Remove superfluous buds and shoots. 

 In localities subject to mildew and rot spray with cop- 

 per sohitions every ten days or two weeks. 



Insects. For plant lice use strong Tobacco water or 

 kerosene emulsion, dipping the ends of small trees and 

 showering the larger ones. When holes are to be 

 noticed in the Currant and Gooseberry leaves, apply 

 White Hellebore. Fight the curcullo by Jarring or by 

 means of arsenical poisons. If caterpillars nests have 

 heretofore escaped notice, tear them down and trample 

 on the worms. 



Sings on Cherries and Pears can be disposed of by 

 strewing air slacked lime over the leaves. 



Strawberries. Apply a mulch of straw to the beds 

 to keep the fruit clean. Have boxes and crates In 

 readiness for marketing the crop. Engage your pickers 

 early. Keep beds free from weeds. Cut the runners 

 at the start If the hill system is practiced, and on newly 

 set plants for some weeks. 



Thinning. Begin to thin Apples, Pears and Peaches; 

 it will give more valuable fruit, and probably as much 

 bulk, but certainly larger returns and greater satisfac- 

 tion. 



applying a pinch of nitrate or some liquid manure to 

 each plant shortly after being set. Try to produce an 

 early growth of foliage, and you will get early fruit 

 and plenty of It. 



FRUIT GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Blackberries and Raspberries keep well cultivated. 

 Pinch off the young canes when three feet high. Stak- 

 i ng and tying is a commendable pratlce. 



Borers should now be hunted for. Gum exuding at 

 the root of Peach trees is a sure sigu of their presence. 

 Dig them out with a knife, or kill them with a piece of 

 wire. 



Oorrants and Gooseberries. Trim as needed to 

 prevent excess of wood. Begin marketing the green 

 fruit. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Asparagus to be used freely until Peas begin to 

 come In. Then allow the tops to grow. 



Beans. Plant field sorts by the 20th of the month. 

 All bush .sorts can now be planted, and for a succession 

 still later. Llmas now start quickly. Try the Bush 

 Lima Beans. Assist the pole varieties to take to pole 

 or trellis. 



Beets to be sown for succession. 



Cabbage. Plant the late varieties In good soil.guard- 

 ing against damage by cut worms. Strong caustic 

 lime-water applied to the soil around the roots and 

 stem win dispose of the maggot. 



Cauliflower. Give the early planted ones clean and 

 thorough cultivation. Applications of nitrate of soda 

 or liquid manure will help them. 



Celery plants may be set out for first early. For 

 maiu crop not until end of the month or any time in 

 July. Prepare the ground well, making it very rich. 

 White Plume and Grolden Self Blanching are the best 

 sorts for early use. Set in rows three feet apart, with 

 plants six inches apart in the row. 



Carrot. Sow for succession. Use the hand wheel- 

 hoe freely in the beds. 



Corn. Plant the sweet varieties at Intervals all 

 through this month for succession. 



Cucumbers. Plant for main crop in open ground. 

 If any were started under glass, they should now go 

 out. Prepare the hills well by mixing a shovelful of 

 old compost, and perhaps some wood ashes with the 

 soil. Have them from three to five feet apart each 

 way, the early dwarf sorts (Early Russian, etc.) at the 

 former distance, the vigorous growers (Long Green, 

 etc.t at the latter distance. Guard against bug depre- 

 dations. 



Kohl Rabi. Thin the earlier sowings to about six 

 inches apart. Sow for succession. 



Egg Plants need rich and warm soil, and a warm 

 situation. Set the plants In rows at least two feet apart, 

 and eighteen Inches ai>art in the rows. Give clean 

 culture. 



Insects. To drive off the striped bug, keep Cucum- 

 ber and other vines well covered with bone flour, or 

 put Tobacco dust tliickly around them; or keep them 

 covered with boxes or fine mosquito netting. Hunt up 

 and wash the black, ill-smelling Squash bug. Poison 

 Potato beetles with Paris greeu. Use strong lime 

 water for maggots, and Tobacco tea for the flea beetle. 

 For the Cabbage worm every grower should keep some 

 buhacb on hand, and dust it on the plants whenever 

 signs of worms can be noticed. This California insect 

 powder is very strong, and fully effective enough if 

 mixed w i th three or four times its bulk of flower or bone 

 meal. It can also be applied in a solution In water, 

 best by means of a force pump and spray nozzle. 



Lettuce to be sown for succession where it Is to grow. 

 Thin the earlier sowing to six or eight Inches apart. 

 Cultivate often with the hand wheel-hoe. 



Melons to be treated as directed for Cucumbers, 

 only wider planting will be advisable, except with such 

 varieties as Emerald Gem, which can be planted in 

 hills three or four feet apart each way. This is proba- 

 bly the highest-fiavored Melon now catalogued. Try 

 also Volga Water Melon. 



Peas. Clean oii the ground as soon as the crop is 

 gathered, and plant with late Potatoes, Peppers, To- 

 matoes, or any other suitable crop. 



Peppers to be treated as directed for Egg plant. 



Squashes. Plant the bush sorts in hills four feet 

 ap>art, the running winter sorts In hills ten or twelve 

 feet apart each way, lea\*lng but two good plants in 

 each hill. Have the ground very rich, and cultivate 

 and hoe freely and thoroughly. Quick maturing crops, 

 such as Radishes, Lettuce, Kohl Rabi, early Potatoes, 

 etc., can be grown in the spaces between the hills. 



Tomatoes for main crop to be set at once. Plant 

 deep, and If {possible, stimulate to prompt growth by 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS. 



Cucumbers need plenty of water at this time, and 

 must not be neglected In this respect. 



Grapes. The early vines, after fruiting, should be 

 given water more sparingly, and gradually brought to 

 a condition of rest. Expose the wood as much as pos- 

 sible to the sun and air. Give the vines ripening fruit 

 plenty of heat. The vines in fiower in the cold grapery 

 should now be given water rather sparingly, and the 

 temperature be allowed to go up pretty well towards 

 90* at noon. Thin the berries in the clusters liberally 

 when about the size of Peas. One bunch Is enough to 

 leave to each shoot, and this should be stepped at the 

 third leaf beyond the bunch. Tie up the shoots as the 

 weight of the fruit Increases. 



Pineapples require an abundance of moisture in the 

 atmosphere to prevent exhaustion during the hot 

 weather now prevailing. Close the house early, syringe 

 and water the floor several times everj* day. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 

 No Profit without Cleanliness. If " cleanliaess 

 is next to g-odliness," some of the people who 

 keep poultry will never get therel— Germantown 

 Telegraph. 



Attend the Sick. It is dangerous at all times, 



and especially in hot weather, to have sick birds 

 running with the flock. Kill them or put them 

 in the hospital at once.— F. J. 



Forcible WMtewasMng. The modem method 

 of whitewashing poultry houses is to make the 

 wash thin, strain it and throw it on with a hand 

 force pump. Have you tried it? 



Good Plan for CMcks. One of the best places 

 we know of at this season for a brood of chicks 

 is on the edge of a Corn field. They have loose 

 earth, shade and security from hawlis.— F.Jour'l. 



Feed Early and Often. Little chicks should 

 be fed at lc?ast four times a day, and five times is 

 better. Keep them eating and growiut> all the 

 time. Whole Wheat is one of the best foods for 

 chicks. They learn to eat it when they are only 

 a day or two old. 



The Nests. Kerosene must never be used in 

 the nest boxes. It is of that penetrating nature 

 that it will de^^troy the vitality of eggs at once, 

 and it will impart an unpleasant flavor to them 

 when used as food. The hay in the nests should 

 be changed at least once a month and the nest 

 boxes thoroughly cleansed. The contents should 

 be burned, so that everything may be destroyed. 

 —Maryland Farmer. 



Overflowing Duck Fountain. A ten-gallon 

 keg with a bung projecting an inch and pierced 

 with a three-eights inch hole, filled with water 

 and inverted properly in a trough, will give 100 

 ducks a chance to wet their whistles a couple of 

 days for one filliug. lie sure the keg is water 

 tight; if it can be placed in the shade it will be 

 surer not to leak and the ducks will the more 

 appreciate their fountain.— F. & H. 



Poultry in Conflnement. These need extra 

 care, and regular attendance. Grow Lettuce 

 and Spinach to supply them with green stuflF, 

 and give this regularly. Also give fresh cut 

 Clover, or the mowings of the lawn. Kenew the 

 water frequently. Keep the vessel sweet by 

 washing from time to time with carbolized water. 

 Spade a small part of the yard over every day. 

 Sprinkle dry coal ashes, lime, etc., over the whole 

 surface of the yard once a week. Supply the 

 needed animal food, broken bone, etc. 



The Incubator. The person who makes poul- 

 try raising his exclusive business, raises thou- 

 sands of chickens annually and makes a specialty 

 of early chickens for market— he is the one to 

 whom the incubator is mdispensable. It will 

 pay him to make a thorough study of it, which 

 is necessary to insure success with them. The 

 poultryraan who can count lessthan 100 chickens 

 and makes his little i>oultry venture secondary to 

 some larger occupation, has no time to fool with 

 an incubator and had best stick to the hen.— N.E. 



Size of Ducks and Turkeys. Within a dozen 

 years our ducks and turkeys have been increased 

 in size very largely. Where formerly we had 

 the yearling ducks in our markets that drew 

 eight pounds to the pair fattened, we now find 

 them commonly weighing twelve pounds or 

 more per couple at Christmas or New Year's. 

 And our turkeys of to-day exceed the weight of 

 those bred fifteen years ago by more than half 

 ui.ion the average, especially where the bronze 

 pol)blers have been introduced among the com- 

 mon domestic ttirkey hens. 



Indispensable Bequisites. Among these are 

 cleanliness, an occasional coat of whitewash to 

 the whole interior of the poultry houses, the 

 free use of kerosene on the roosts, and some 

 dry absorbent under the roosts, also of bubach 

 I fresh insect powder) on the setting hens to keep 

 them and the chicks free from bee. Fresh water 

 should always be within reach of the fowls, and 

 the vessels so arranged that none can get into it 

 with the feet. A drop of carbolic acid, or a small 

 piece of copperas put into the drinking water 

 will tend to prevent cholera, gapes, etc.~G. R. 



