1890. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



243 



LAWN AND FLOWER GARDEN. 



Acacias, Mountain Ash and oruaineutal fluwerlug 

 fruit trees slmuld be examined for the burer. Use the 

 precautious or remedies advised for fruit trees. 



Edges of flower beds, walks, etc., to be neatly 

 trimmed once a month or of tener. lu absence of an 

 edKlng knife, a sharp spade will do. 



Everereens may be suoeessfuUy transplanted this 

 month. Select damp, cloudy weather: guard the roots 

 carefulli' against ilrylng even on the surface while out 

 of the ground, and sprinkle the plants overhead every 

 evening for several weeks after planting. 



Gladiolus. See to the proper supports. Spikes of 

 strong plants may be cut out early t*i Induce the pro- 

 duction of new splices later. 



Hollyhocks arc not safe from Injury by heavy winds 

 without l>eiug kept tied up to stakes. 



Neatness of be<is and borders will depend upon the 

 tise of stakes for all plants that need them. Many use 

 the painted stakes sold for the purpose, because they 

 think they " look pretty " with their white heads upon 

 a green stake. When properly useil, the stakes them- 

 selves should not be seen, and the fairly straight stems 

 of bushes answer well enough. Trim up the flower 

 beds, clip the plants of formal beds, reniove faded 

 flowers and stalks of perennials, and throw out early 

 annuals that are past their blooming season. 



Fropaeation. Layering of Roses, shrubs, etc., may 

 still go on. 



Rockeries. Remove the tops of plants that have 

 passed into a state of maturity. Do not allow the 

 plants to suffer from drought. 



Seed sowine of perennials, such as Pansy. Holly- 

 hock, Delphinium, Dianthus, Aquilegia, Canterbury 

 Bells. Digitalis, Lychnis, Myosotis. Perennial Poppy, 

 lyibelia cardinalis, Antirrhinum, and others, may yet 

 be done if done promptly. Provide partial shade for 

 young plants when up. 



Lilium candldum, and some other Lilies not at rest, 

 to be transplanted at this time. 



Everlastings, for drying, gather before fully ex- 

 panded, tie in small bunches, and hang in the shade. 

 Save seed from best flowers only. 



Vases, tubs and pots set on the lawn need close at- 

 tention to keep them from injury by drying out. Give 

 water often and plentifully. 



Verbenas. Cut back the extremities, give frequent 

 doses of liquid manure, or strew some fertilizer over 

 the plants to help them over this period, and induce 

 them to give a flne crop ot bloom and cuttings for 

 propagation later. 



Walks and Drives. Keep free from lat« weeds, and 

 repair the surface with fresh gravel where needed. 



Watering, whenever done, should be thorough. A 

 little sprinkling does no good. Mounds and slopes re- 

 quire some extra attention. Lawns in cities, where 

 hydrants furnish an inexhaustible water supply, are 

 frequentlyoverwatered causing an unhealthy condition 

 of the soil. Lawn trees, however, can stand plenty of 

 watering, and respond with rapid growth. A good 

 plan Is to punch holes Into the ground over the roots, 

 by means of iron bar or spading fork, and giving the 

 water a chance to go where it will do the most good. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 

 Camellias. Give plenty of water while at it, but 

 not too often. If unfortunately a plant has become 

 dry at the root, a good way of watering is plunging 

 the pot in a tub of water for half an hour. 



Carnations for early winter flowers should receive 

 their last heading back. 



Chrysanthemums. Stop the Pompons for the last 

 time: the large-flowering sorts not to be stopped again. 

 Stake and tie as needed. Plants intended for show 

 should have some of the surface soil replaced by some 

 rich, half rotten manure; or weak liquid manure may 

 be given at intervals of a week or less. 



Coleas and other bedding plants of such kinds as 

 are scarce, or of which it may be desirable to get up a 

 large stock next year, may now have the first cuttings 

 taken off and put in. 



Geraninms for winter bloom should now be entirely 

 stopped. Start cuttings now for plants with which to 

 decorate the house early next spring, 



Lanrels, and other hard-wooded plants, as Aucubas. 

 Laurestlnus. Arbor Vitaes, etc.. that have completed 

 their work for the season in the ground, may be lifted 

 at any time during this month and next. 



Orchids. As the growth of any Orchid appears to be 

 completed, gradually withhold water and remove to a 

 cooler part of the house. Encourage the growth of 

 young plants lately potted. 



Pelargoninms. Cut back now if not yet done. Ends 



of shoots to be used for propagation. 



Requisites. If the needed repairs to the greenhouse 

 have not already been made, this should be no longer 

 delayed; the houses being now as empty as at any 

 other time. Clear out, cleanse, repair, paint and flx 

 up generally. Provide pots, potting soil, fuel. Ex- 

 amine and lest the heating apparatus, get everything 

 in readiness for restocking and activity Jater. 



Roses. Syringe those for winter flowering daily, 

 closing the house after last syringing later. A liberal 

 mulch to the bedded Roses now will be of great help 



to them. To get rid of old canes of Teas curve 

 them to the ground, pegging them do%vn, when new 

 and strong shoots will break from near the base of the 

 old canes. 



Smilax. Sow seed for next year's plants, and start 

 up the old roots that have been kept at rest. 



Stocks. Seed of Ten-week and Intermediate sorts 

 may now be sown. For succession sow at lnter\'ais of 

 six weeks. 



FRUIT GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Apples of the early varieties, wherever found, and 

 even if not perfect, should be carefully save<l and 

 utilized this year by canning and otherwise. There 

 will be something like a fruit famine next fall and 

 winter. 



Blackberries. After »he fruit Is gathered, the old 

 canes may be cut away. The new canes for next year's 

 fruiting should be headed back at the height of three 

 feet. The laterals which afterwards start are also to 

 be cut back so the whole cane will be shaped somewhat 

 In pyramidal form. 



Budding may be done as soon as the bark of the 

 stock peels freely, and buds in the proper condition of 

 maturity can be had. Cherry, Pear and Plum are the 

 first to bud; Apples next, and Peaches and Quinces to 

 follow at the end of the month, and perhaps into Sep- 

 tember. Watch the growth, and cut the bands before 

 they cut Into the bark. 



Currants. Thin out fully one-half of the new 

 growth, and remove old canes weakened by age. Cut- 

 tings may be made and struck now. Take shoots of 

 the new wood, cut eight inches in length and insert a 

 trifle slanting Into well-prepared soil, with only one 

 bud left exposed. Firm the soil thoroughly about these 

 cuttings. 



Gooseberries to be treated like Currants. Cuttings 

 do not root quite so readily, however, and a stirer way 

 of propagating Gooseberries is by hilling the plants up 

 high with nice mellow soil, and inducing the young 

 canes to strike root. 



Grapes should be closely watched and treated for 

 mildew and rot. This is about the only late fruit which 

 promises something like an average crop this season. 

 Care and precaution with the Grape will pay the 

 grower well. 



Marketing. The chief difficulty In marketing fruits 

 this year will be to get the fruit for putting on the 

 market. Even second and third grade tree fruits will 

 find ready sale this year at acceptable prices; but the 

 grower should not be Induced to think that strict 

 grading, and care In picking and packing, is of less 

 importance than usually. The grower who has fruit 

 to sen, can better than ever afford to take pains with 

 it. and put it on the market In nice packages and most 

 attractive shape. As an experiment we would advise 

 the use of smaller packages than usual, especially for 

 Pears. Peaches and Plums. Fancy prices will prob- 

 ably be obtained for flne fruit thus put up. 



Mulching young trees chat are suffering from 

 drought, is a commendable practice. 



Raspberries. Trim as advised for Blackberries, ex- 

 cept that the laterals must be allowed to grow in case 

 young plants are wanted. The ends of these laterals 

 have a natural tendency to bend down, creep over the 

 ground and take root: but a stone or a hoeful of soil 

 placed upon the cane near the tip will aid It in getting 

 a foothold in the soil. 



Strawberries. Keep the beds that are to fruit next 

 season well tilled and free from weeds. Stimulate 

 with a good top dressing of hen manure or wood ashes, 

 or both. Bone dust and muriate of jwtash is also a 

 good dressing. If good potted plants are set at once, a 

 fair crop may be had from them next season. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Beans. Keep free from weeds, hoeing frequently. 

 See that the Llmas all take nicely to the poles or trellis. 

 If late snaps are wanted, some of the earliest sorts, like 

 Early Valentine, may yet be sown. 



Celer? Set plants for late crop. Begin to earth up 

 the earlier plantings as soon as the stalks have grown 

 large enough. 



Cucumbers for pickles should be gathered at least 

 every other day. Cut the fruit from the vines with 

 knife or scissors; do not pull them, thereby injuring 

 the vines. 



Egg Plants are great feeders, and like a frequent 

 dose of liquid manure. As the fruit gets large, place 

 xmder It a wisp of straw or hay, to keep It from the 

 ground. 



Melons. Of some sorts a large share of the fruit 

 sets too late to ripen before frost. Cutting these off 

 will lielp the rest of the crop. A mulch of straw or bog 

 hay will keep the fruit from the ground, and hasten 

 ripening. 



Onions. Gather when most of the tops have died 

 down. Cure thoroughly t>efore storing. Sell when an 

 acceptable price Is offered. 



Seed saving of but few things is to be commended 

 in private gardens, as the needed care wlQ not be 

 given. For most seeds it is more satisfactory to buy 

 of those who make a business of raising them. In 

 small gardens there is great danger of crossing and 

 " mixing." 



Spinach. Sow now for late fall use, selecting Round 

 leaf or Long Standing Summer. 



Squashes. Keep the cultivator going until the vines 

 cover the ground. Then pull up all large weed3 that 

 may appear among the vines. 



Sw^eet Potatoes. Keep free from weeds, and move 

 the vines often enough to prevent rooting at the joints. 



Tillage. Keep cultivator and hoe busy wherever 

 the ground is not covered with vegetation. Stirred 

 soil Is a good mulch, and a prevention of the 111 effects 

 of drought. 



Tomatoes. We always like to save our own seed of 

 these, selecting the earliest and most perfect speci- 

 mens for this purpose. Squeeze out the pulp In a ves- 

 sel, and allow it to stand until fermentation has freed 

 the seed from the slimy matter which envelopes it. It 

 may then be readily washed clean and dried. Put in 

 paper bags correctly labeled. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS 



Grapes. Give plenty of air to the fruit now ripening. 

 as this will help both color and flavor. Remove part 

 of the shoots If they are crowding. This will help the 

 ripening of the wood for next year's fruiting. Remove 

 defective berries from the bunches now forming in 

 cold grapery. 



Mushrooms. It may be worth while the trial to 

 raise them under the greenhouse stages or In a cellar 

 or shed. Mushroom growing Is an Infant Industrj- that 

 will bear fostering and nursing. 'It Is also a paying 

 industry, and by learning. In a small way, how to grow 

 the crop successfully, it may point out a way to flnan- 

 cial success. 



Strawberries. Keep the pot -layered plants in the 

 shade until the pots are well filled with roots; then 

 shift into six-Inch pots. Use strong loam and rotted 

 manure for potting soil, setting the plants quite firmly 

 Give all the water they need. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 



Scaring chickens by trying to catch them, or 

 in other ways, is a poor practice. The tame 

 fowls always do the best. 



Eubbieh heaps should not be allowed in or 

 near the pnultry yards and houses, as they fur- 

 nish harbors for rats and other vermin. 



Weeding out the Flocks. Kill the puny, sickly 

 birds and plant near the foot of a tree or Grape 

 vine. No more profitable use can be made of 

 such stock. 



Condition powders may be good ; but clean 

 quarters, good food, and a variety of it, with a 

 continuous supply of fresh clean water are 



much, better. 



Our Experience Also. Every one of our hens 

 that has had a chance to sit on the ground has 

 done well. The higher and drier we have made 

 the nests the worse the failure has been.— R.X.Y. 



Sparrows Eating Chicken Food. Soak meal 

 in whiskey and feed it in a box nailed to a pole, 

 set in the chicken yard. Or soak whole Wheat 

 in a white arsenic or strychnine solution and put 

 in a box placed as mentioned. 



Garden wastes, such as old Lettuce going to 

 or gone to seed. Spinach, Cabbage plants, poor 

 specimens of Tomatoes, weeds, lawn mowings, 

 etc.. are things which fowls in confinement will 

 now receive gratefully and turn to good account 

 in tiesh and eggs. 



Tarred Paper vs. Lice. The odor of fresh tar 

 is offensive to lice, but tarred paper soon loses 

 its strong odor, and in time will be of no use at 

 all as a oroteetion against lice. Don't use tarred 

 paper thinking it will obviate all necessity of 

 other precautions.— Am. Farmer. 



Sell off Old Stock. The demand of boarding 

 houses, etc., for old fowls at this time, and light- 

 er supply, always results in better prices than 

 can be realized later in the season. The old hens 

 now begin to fall off in egg production. Sell off 

 your surplus now, l>efore prices begin to drop. 



Keeping Eggs. Eggs may be kept in fair con- 

 dition for several months by immersing them in 

 a pickle made of two pounds lime, one pint of 

 salt and four gallons of water. They may also be 

 preserved by packing them in fine salt or in dry 

 wood ashes. Place them small end down in the 

 salt or ashes and do not allow them to touch 

 each other. In all cases put in only strictly fresh 

 eggs.— Farm Journal. 



Fattening Fowls. At this season of the year 

 the hens will fatten very readily, and will gain 

 more rapidly on a small space covered with grass 

 and feed three times a day, than tbev will in 

 coops. In feeding them, however, varv the food, 

 giving ground Uats and Com meal, scalded, in 

 the morning. Potatoes mixed with Corn meal 

 and bran at noon, and all the Corn and Wheat 

 they can eat at night. A yard 10 bv 30 feet will 

 be large enough for 50 fowls for ten davs or two 

 weeks, which is ample time forgetting them fat, 

 and if they are in fair condition at the beginning 

 one week will suffice. If the yard is bare of 

 grass, keep a trough of finely-chopped grass 

 where the hens can eat of it at will.The hens must 

 be bountifully supplied with sharp grit, and pure 

 water should be kept within their'reaeh all the 

 time; charcoal, ground or pounded, is also ex- 

 cellent, and at night the quarters must be com- 

 fortable. No fowl will fatten rapidly if lice are 

 present.— Farm and Fireside. 



