I/O Notes and Gleanings. 



Morello stock, they almost invariably do, and bear full crops. As a remed_^ for 

 birds, plant more trees. 



Mr. Dunlap of Champaign County said the English Morello was a native- 

 American cherry, Mr. Downing to the contrary. This cherry would not repro- 

 duce itself from seed. He did not recommend grafting it on Mazzard stocks : 

 on Morello stocks it bore the most fruit. To prevent sprouting, he planted it 

 deep, and threw furrows towards the tree. Mr. Dunlap also called attention to 

 the Early May for canning. 



How TO SAVE Girdled Fruit-Trees. — At the afternoon session. D. B. 

 Wier of Lacon, 111., sent to the secretary's desk a paper containing the following 

 propositions : — 



" I. That the bark of a tree is not, as has always been supposed, essential 

 to the life and growth of a tree, only for a small portion of the year, and then 

 not entirely so ; or, in other words, the bark of a tree is like our fences, and 

 performs the same services for the growing tree that they do for our crops. The 

 crops would grow without the fence ; but it keeps them from being destroyed, or 

 protects them so that they will not be destroyed by outside influences. 



" 2. That the life of a tree is entirely in the sap-wood and root when in the 

 dormant state, and in the same and the leaves when in the growing state. 



"3. That the flow of sap, both up and down, is through and on the sap-wood, 

 and not through the inner bark as some suppose. 



" 4. That the bark of a tree can be entirely removed without injuring materi- 

 ally the life or health of the tree, provided that the surface of the sap-wood can 

 be protected by a proper artificial bark or covering which will answer the same 

 purpose that natural bark does ; which purpose is, and is only, to keep the suf' 

 face of the wood from seasoning, or the natural channels for the flow of the sap 

 from drying up, therefore interrupting the flow entirely: and this can be done 

 with just as much certainty as we can remove the fence from around a growing 

 crop, and replace at the same time with another equally good, and with as little 

 danger and loss. 



" 5. When the bark has been removed from a tree by accident or other cause, 

 even if a portion of the sap-wood is removed, and the surface be immedi- 

 ately covered with a proper artificial bark or its equivalent, the downward flow 

 of sap will deposit a new bark on the surface from which the bark had been 

 taken. 



" Now, do not let any one say he has seen the bark taken from the tree 

 on the longest day in June, or near that time, without hurting the tree at all. 

 There is no doubt that many of you have seen what appeared to be all the baik 

 taken from a tree at that time without injuring it, and apparently doing it good ; 

 but the bark was not taken off", and the old, almost worthless layers were removed, 

 leaving the bark just formed or forming on the sap-wood. The annual layer of 

 bark, I believej forms first ; and then the new layer of alburnum forms between 

 it and the sap-wood. These facts go to show that a tree girdled by mice, rabbits, 

 or from other causes, is tiot dead, as has always been supposed, as entirely so as 

 a man with his head off". It merely wants a little care to induce it to grow a> if 

 nothing had happened to it. 



