50 Notes and Gleanings. 



one foot in the row. If desired to do so, I will give the details of my method 

 of producing vines from cuttings in some future number of the Journal. I 

 have invariably succeeded in making nine-tenths of my cuttings grow ; and have 

 experimented this dry season with nearly two hundred thousand vines, and that, 

 too, with marked success. 



In reference to the manufacture of wine, permit me to say that I have seen 

 a very fine article of wine made by simply pressing out the juice, putting it into 

 casks, and then rolling them into a hole dug in the hill-side, and covering them 

 up with rough boards. I do not cite this instance to encourage carelessness 

 so much as to prevent unnecessary expense, care, and labor. 



II there is any one thing that is more essential in successful grape-growing, 

 it is the summer pinching of the fruit-bearing laterals. You will observe that 

 all the wood has been left on the lower laterals in the photograph sent you ; thus 

 showing the first pinching at the bunch, then one leaf on the new lateral that 

 starts each time, so that there will be three or four leaves at the end of each fruit- 

 bearing lateral when the fruit is ripening. In brief, then, my motto is, never to 

 do any thing in a vineyard without first knowing wJiy you do it. 



St. Louis, Mo. J. ^V. Jordan. 



Earthing up Trees in Winter. — For several years we have practised 

 heaping up earth about dwarf apple and other trees, and especially about those 

 that were exposed to the effects of standing water in winter. It is not best to 

 plant fruit-trees where the water will so stand ; but it often happens, that when 

 the ground is frozen, and there comes a rain, the low places will fill up, and the 

 water freeze before it can settle away. When this is the case, trees standing in 

 such exposed positions will be liable to be injured, if not entirely girdled, by the 

 ice that will form in a night or two. Stakes driven down about the tree will 

 serve as a protection ; but a simpler and cheaper way is to throw up the soil 

 around them, in a cone-like form, as high as the water will be likely to reach. 



Trees under Snow. — Many fine dwarf pear and other trees were nearly 

 or quite ruined last winter, and, indeed, are every winter, when there are deep 

 snows, for the want of a little attention. If the trees could be nicely covered, 

 and so remain, it would be an advantage ; for there can be no better protection 

 from severe weather: but it is well known that snow soon begins to settle, and 

 drags down the trees that may be covered by it. We have seen trees broken 

 and crinkled down in every possible shape and way, so that tlicy have been 

 entirely ruined. Now, a little care bestowed upon them just after the snow 

 falls will prevent such a result. Tread down or shovel away the snow, leaving 

 no branches to be dragged down by it, and there will be no liability to damage. 



A RAriD-GROVViNG TREE. — The silver-maple is one of the most rapid-grow- 

 ing trees that we know of in the North. We have just dug up some trees of 

 this variety in an old nursery that are only twelve years old, and yet are a foot 

 in diameter, though grown thickly in rows with many others. It is a good 

 thing to plant where a quick growth is desired, and it is a pretty clean and good 

 shade-tree. 



