KELATIVE UNSOUNDNESS. 41 



when struck at or moved suddenly. A great number of 

 cart-horses are so affected, and big horses of all breeds 

 are very apt to be grunters, whilst they may be quite 

 sound in their wind. Horses with heavy jaws and ill-set- 

 on necks often emit this sound ; and again any horse may 

 do it if it has been fed for a time with bulky food. The 

 sound is always to be regarded with suspicion, and the 

 animal further tried for its wind, as it generally ac- 

 companies roaring and whistling. If the grunter, how- 

 ever, stands the tests used to detect roaring without 

 making any noise in its breathing, it may be considered 

 sound " (Williams). The fact of a horse being a grunter, 

 even if he does not " make a noise " during movement, 

 indicates, in the majority of cases, a strong tendency to 

 roaring ; and should always be mentioned in the cer- 

 tificate. I make bold to aflSrm that if a young horse, say 

 four years old or under, is found to be a grunter, and it 

 is known that one or both of his parents were roarers or 

 whistlers, he should be looked upon as unsound in his 

 wind ; for, if he is not so already, he will almost in- 

 fallibly become so, later on. 



Herpes. — See " Skin Diseases." 



Rip, dropped, — See " Dropped Hip." 



Hoof, spilit. 



Hoof, tveah. — See remarks on " Sole, weak," page 25. 



Ischium, fracture of tuberosity of — In popular language, 

 we may term this, " fracture of the point of the 



