PHOMA. 



46( 



M 



leaved trees, but details in regard to their parasitism are 

 wanting. 



Ph. Hennebergii Kiihn.^ 15ro\vn-spot of wheat-ears. This 

 produces, on the glumes of wheat, brown spot.s with projecting 

 pycnidia from which unicellular conidia emerge. The grains of 

 attacked ears shrivel up and become spotted, while tlie value 

 of the chaff as fodder is much diminished. Whole fields may 

 be attacked, showing marked discoloration, and producing l)ut 

 few healthy ears.^ The fungus may also 

 appear on the leaves and produce pycnidia. 



Ph. lophiostomoides Sacc.^ Lopriore 

 regards this us a parasite on cereals, but 

 Cavara looks on it as sapropliytic on the 

 dead plants. 



Ph. ampelinum ].)e Bary {Sphacdovm 

 aiivpclbunn l)e Bary). Anthracnose of the 

 Vine.* The mycelium of this fungus can 

 penetrate into leaves, green bark, or fruit, 

 and kills the tissues. Spots are first pro- 

 duced, then enlargement of the neighbour- 

 ing tissues takes place, causing the spots 

 to appear as if sunk in depressions, and 

 reminding one of hail-wounds. On leaves 

 and grapes, the spots are sliarply defined, 

 at first dark-brown, later with greyish 

 centres and dark-brown margins. In the 

 later stages the dried-up spots may drop out of the leaves. 



Anthracnose, or " birds-eye rot," constitutes one of the dreaded 

 vine diseases of America and Europe, so that it has received 

 much attention, both as to its life-history and remedial measures ; 

 as yet however with but partial success. Copper sulphate 

 solutions seem to be fairly successful remedies, as shown from 

 results of the many experiments recorded in the Journal of 



Fio. -ilH.— /"/ioom aiiiiitU- 

 num. Urovvii concave spots 

 on shoot .uid berry of Vitix. 

 (v. Tiibeuf del.) 



' Kiihn, Hedivujia, 1877, p. 121 ; also in Raben horst's /'H«r/« e?/ro;). No. 22()1. 

 Frank, Zdtsch. fiir Pflanzeukranklitiltn, iii., 1893, p. 28. 



-Eriksson (MHlhl. der k. Landh. Akad. Stockholm, 1890) records a case of 

 this kind, l)iit the conidia are drawn two-celled as in a Diplodina, wliereas 

 Ktihn's original drawings have only one-celled conidia. 



■■'Cavara ct Eriksson, Zeitsch. f. PJlanzenh-ankhe.it en, in., ]). 23. 



■*(Toethe, Mitthl. iih. de.n. nrhwarztn Brenner d. Hehen. Leipzig, 1878. (Jornii, 

 Btdlet. de la Soc. hotan. de France, 1878. Prillieux (idem), 1879. Kathay, " Der 

 Black-rot," 1891. Scribner, Report of U.S. Amer. Dept. of At/ricn/lnre, 188fi. 



