4i6 



NATURE 



[August 29, 1S95 



street, and within two minutes' walk of the reception 

 room, will be set apart for a ladies club-room. 



The excursions will be of a more varied character than 

 usual. On the Saturday afternoon the geologists will 

 visit the well-known crag district, including Orford, Sud- 

 boume, and Chillesford. This will give an opportunity 

 for the examination in the field of many of the deposits 

 to which the previous days' discussions have been devoted. 

 On the same afternoon, there will be a dredging excursion 

 down the Orwell, whilst other parties will go to Bury 

 St. Edmunds (on the invitation of the Mayor), to Hel- 

 mingham Hall, and to .Southwold (where also the Mayor 

 and a Local Committee will act as hosts). On the Thurs- 

 day afternoon after the meeting, there will be another dredg- 

 ing expedition, and also an excursion to Colchester (on the 

 invitation of the Mayor), to the Flint Napping Works at 

 Brandon, and to the Broads, on which occasion the party 

 will be entertained en route by the Mayor of Yarmouth. 

 The geologists on this day will go to the Norfolk coast to 

 examine the Glacial and Pliocene deposits in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Cromer, where arrangements will be made 

 so that those, who wish, may stay the night. Other 

 short afternoon excursions will be made near Ipswich 

 whenever time allows. 



The programme of work in the Sections is rapidly 

 filling up. In Section A, the President, Prof W. M. 

 Hicks, will take as the subject for his address, " The 

 Fluid Theories of Ether and Matter.'' On the Friday a 

 joint sitting will be held with Section B, when Prof A. 

 Schuster will open a discussion, in which Lord Rayleigh 

 and Mr. Crookes are expected to take part, on the 

 evidence to be gathered as to the simple or compound 

 character of a gas from the constitution of its spectrum. 

 On the same occasion. Captain W. de \V. .Abney and Mr. 

 C. H. Bothamley will read papers on orthochromalic 

 photography. There will also be important discussions 

 in Section .A, on the question of a new practical unit 

 of heat, introduced by a paper from Mr. E. H. (".riffiths, 

 and on the objective character of combination tones, 

 opened by Prof. Kiicker. Other papers to be read in the 

 Section will be on the teaching of geometrical draw- 

 ing in schools, by Prof O. Henrici, on the electrification 

 and diselectrification of gases, by Lord Kelvin and 

 Messrs. Maclean and Gait, on vertical (earth-air) 

 electrical currents, by Prof Kiicker, on the events that 

 go on within molecules, by Dr. Johnstone-Stoncy, on 

 the velocity of light in a rarefied gas through which a 

 current is passing, by Messrs. Edser and Starling, on 

 a dynamical top, by Mr. G. T. Walker, and on lioltzmann's 

 minimum theorem, and the question of reversibility in 

 the kinetic theor>- of gases, by -Mr. E. P. Cuherwell. 



In .Section B, the President, Prof R. Meldola, will deal 

 in his address with the relations of physiology and 

 chemistry. The Monday will be devoted chiefly to 

 papers dealing with the relation of chemistry to agri- 

 culture, which arc already anticipated locally with 

 considerable interest, on account of the large slake 

 the district has in agriculture. Prof Warington will 

 be amongst those to read papers on the question. 

 The Tuesday will be given up to papers on organic 

 chemistry. 



In Section C, the address of the President, Mr. 

 Whitakcr, will be devoted to the subterranean geology of 

 the Eastern Counties, as exhibited in various deep borings 

 and wells. Mr. Whitaker will also have a paper on llie 

 latest results in the boring for coal, now being made at 

 Stutton. The other papers on local questions will 

 probably deal mainly with newer Tertiary geology ; 

 Ipswich being a capital centre for the study of our 

 Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits. Besides the local 

 papers, communications have been promised from cer- 

 tain of the foreign visitors, on the correlation of our 

 British Tertiary deposits with their continental equiva- 



NO. 1348, VOL, 52] 



lents. .\ paper by M. Gustave DoUfus, of Paris, on the 

 extent of the Tertiar)' seas of Western Europe, will 

 give his views of the physiography of the south and east 

 of England in Pliocene times, and is likely to lead to 

 some discussion. Glaciation, as was to be expected at 

 Ipswich, will occupy a good deal of time. Prof. 

 Sollas will exhibit the " pitch-gl.iciers," by which 

 he has produced in the laboratory many of the 

 obscurer phenomena of glaciation. Mr. Robert White 

 communicates a paper on the glaciation of tropical 

 South .\merica. 



Of the miscellaneous cominunications likely to be 

 brought forward, we can only mention a few. Mr. Joseph 

 Francis, the engineer to the .New River Company, will 

 have one on the method adopted to ascertain the direc- 

 tion of the dip in the Palaeozoic rocks met with in the 

 deep borings at Ware and Cheshunt. It may be observed 

 that while there is no difiiculty in obtaining the amount 

 of the dip, when a solid core is brought up, it has always 

 been a difficult problem how to obtain the far more im- 

 portant d.ita as to its direction. Papers arc also expected 

 from Prof Nicholson and Mr. Marr, on the phylogeny of 

 the graptolites ; from Messrs. (larwood and .Marr, on 

 zonal divisions of the Carboniferous system ; from Mr. 

 T. \'. Holmes, on the ancient physiography of South 

 Essex ; from Messrs. Reid and Ridley, on the .Arctic 

 and Paheolithic deposits at Hoxne. Others, on .American 

 paheontolog)-, have been promised by Profs. Claypole 

 and Marsh. 



Section D meets this year under the presidency of 

 Prof W. .A. Herdman, and, for the first time in the history 

 of the Association, it will be a section of zoology alone. 

 Botany now forms a separate section, and although physi- 

 ology is nominally attached to Section IJ for this meeting, 

 it will in fact be unrepresented. The work of Section I> 

 will be largely devoted to questions of marine fisheries 

 and marine zoology. On the Friday of the meeting, Prof 

 Mcintosh will open a discussion on fishery questions, and 

 an interesting debate is expected. Prof Haddon will 

 read a paper on the Royal Dublin .Society's Fishery 

 Survey ; Dr. Bashford Dean, of New York, will give a 

 paper on apparatus for catching oyster spat and its failure 

 m practice, and will also exhibit an interesting collection 

 of eggs and larvie ; Prof Herdman will give an exhibi- 

 tion of lantern slides illustrative of fishery problems, and 

 will explain the method of " zoning " of shores, .Sic, and, 

 in conjunction with Prof Boyce, will give a paper on 

 oysters and typhoid. C)tlier papers will be read by Prof 

 Miall, on pupation in insects ; by Prof Rittcr, of .New 

 York, on budding in Tunicata ; by Prof Lloyd Morgan, 

 on experiments on instinct in young birds : by Dr. H. O,. 

 Forbes, on the .Antarctic continent, and on seals ; and by 

 Dr. Otto Maas, of Munich, Prof Gilson, of Louvain, 

 Prof Howes, Mr. Moore, Mr. Iliiyle, Dr. Hurst, and 

 others on various subjects. 



The following is the provisional programme for Section 

 C; : — Thursday, 12. — .Address by the President, Prof. 

 N'ernon Harcourt ; light railways in agricultural districts,, 

 by M.ijor-Gcncral Webber ; congelation of soil for found- 

 ation purposes, by .M. Gobcrt ; Bcntley coal borings (a , 

 local work), by K. C. Rapier. Friday, 13. — The growth 

 of the port of Harwich, by W. Bin ; notes on im])rove- 

 nicnt of Maas in connection with Hook of Holland route, 

 by the President ; .Snowdon tram-road, by Sir Douglas 

 Fox ; notes on autumn floods of 1894, by W. H. Synions ; 

 river weirs and flood prevention, by F. G. M. .Stoney. 

 Saturday, 14. — Dredging operations at .Mersey Bar, 

 by A. ('>. Lyster ; carbonic anhydride refrigerating^ 

 machinery, by E. Hesketh ; deodorising sewage by 

 Herzite process at Ipswich, by J. Napier. — Monday, if), 

 will be devoted t o electrical papers, among which will be 

 the following : Induction telegraphy, notes on further 

 advance, by W. H. Prcece; glow lamps, by W. II. I'rctct: 



