The Higher Usefulness of Science 87 



of God," said the great Saracen. 



And now for the categorical answer which I propose 

 to the query just made. The ethico-religious teachings 

 of Jesus come nearer effecting the desired synthesis 

 than any yet given to the world, but they do not com- 

 plete the synthesis, the remaining defectiveness being 

 on the intellectual side. This defect modern science is 

 in position to make good so far as is possible in the 

 present state of the world's advancement. The par- 

 ticular resources of science which are available for use 

 toward this synthesis are the generalizations which are 

 being reached as to the nature of the individual and 

 the relation among individuals and in the domain of 

 what I have called bio-integration. What the gen- 

 eralizations are in these two domains I have attempted 

 to summarize in Biology's Contribution to a Theory of 

 Morals, the third essay in this volume. The import 

 of the generalizations of supreme importance for the 

 present discussion may, however, be stated as follows: 

 The interdependencies among the individuals of the 

 human species are found to be such, when traced 

 through on the principles of bio-integration, as to con- 

 stitute a solid scientific foundation for the doctrine 

 familiarly known as the brotherhood of man, out of 

 which has grown that aphoristic guide to conduct, the 

 Golden Rule. The whole range of considerations in the 

 above-mentioned essay, and those set forth in this one, 

 justify the conclusion that the full meaning and 

 grandeur of the ethical doctrines given in outline by 



