Geological Society. 143 



age. This extends across Egypt from Sinai to Bah aria Oasis. 

 (6) A Wadi-Qena type, developed near the head of the valley of 

 that name, characterized by the alternation of Nubian 

 Sandstone with fossiliferous Cretaceous beds. Three 

 main divisions of Xubiau Sandstone are recognized, — one at tho 

 base of the Campanian (in the Upper Chalk), another above the 

 Turoiiian (Middle Chalk), and a third below the Cenomanian beds, 

 but closely related and passing into them. The recognition of the 

 type was one of the most interesting results of this year's 

 expedition in the Eastern Desert. (c) A Central Egyptian or 

 Hammama type, in which the Xiibian Sandstone forms the 

 greater portion of the Cretaceous Scries, only the Danian 

 and Campanian beds being fossiliferous limestones or shales. This 

 section is divisible into an Eastern facies, in which Pecten Marls 

 are a special feature ; and an Oasis facies, characterized by a fauna 

 of small gasteropoda, etc. in the shales, and species of Echinocorys, 

 crinoids, and Terehratidinn (jracilis, etc., in a white chalk, indicating 

 a close affinity to the White Chalk of Northern Europe. These 

 two divisions have been linked together by the discovery of the 

 shales with the typical Oasis and small gasteropod, etc. fauna in 

 the same series as the Pecten Marls, and overlying them. The 

 Campanian beds are characterized by the presence of 

 phosphatic fish-beds, (d) A South Egyptian type has close 

 resemblances to the Central Egyptian; but in the Campanian 

 the phosphatic beds are inconspicuous, and a fauna of 

 sea-urchins was discovered consisting mainly of new species. 



The results of the Eastern Desert expedition of 1910 in Wadi 

 Qena bear the stronge&t testimony to the Cretaceous age of the 

 Nubian Sandstone. 



B (2). — As regards the transition from the Cretaceous to the 

 Eocene, the following points are noted: — The existence of two types 

 of strata at the base of the Eocene : the first, the Luxor type, 

 being fossiliferous, mainly characterized by the presence of O^jer- 

 culina libi/ca, etc., and largely developed in the Western Desert ; 

 the second, or Qena type, being on the other hand entirely un- 

 fossiliferous, and composed of white limestones lithologically similar 

 to the Danian white limestone below them, but structurally different. 

 These beds, directly underlying fossiliferous Eoc3ne strata, are honey- 

 combed, closely-jointed, and especially subject to erosion by water, 

 the regularly-bedded Cretaceous strata differing in these respects. 



(3) A suggestion is made that these variations may be due to 

 fold-effects produced while the land was gaining on the sea at the 

 beginning of Eocene times, the Uena limestones being remade 

 Cretaceous material. 



(4) Whereas in Southern Egypt Lower Eocene strata directly 

 overlie the Danian strata, in Northern Egypt very marked uncon- 

 formities exist between the Middle Eocene and the Cretaceous beds. 



(o) The main paliBontological differences between the Cretaceous 

 and the Eocene are recorded, the principal feature being the sudden 



