On South- African Species and Varieties o/Pupa. 401 



LI. — A Bevision of " A Survey of the Species and Varieties 

 ri/Tupa, Draparnaud (Jaminia, Risso), occurring in South 

 Africa^'' hy James Cosmo Melvill, M.A., F.L.S., and John 

 Henry Ponsonhy, F.Z.Sf^ By IIenry C. BurnUP. 



[Plate X.] 



As there are no greater authorities on the South- African 

 molluscan fauna than the authors of the paper under review, 

 it is only after long hesitation that I have ventured on my 

 present task. 



The Survey having been largely based upon notes of mine 

 comprised in a lengthy correspondence, and many of the 

 passages therein which appear to require correction or further 

 elucidation having been written in consequeiice of the authors 

 having misunderstood certain parts of those notes, I feel 

 justitied in here offering opinions in opposition to the published 

 views of these eminent writers. 



The meaning of many sentences in their paper was 

 distorted or rendered obscure tiirough an unfortunate succes- 

 sion of printer's errors, only a few of which were emended in 

 the " Errata " to the volume. In some few instances opinions 

 were expressed as being mine, which, in fact, were not mine, 

 though they were probably arrived at through the study of 

 my initial work. 



Thus, tiie consignment of so many species to the synonymy 

 of P. fontana, Krs., was not prompted by me, as would 

 appear to be the case from the text. Neither do I concur in 

 the view that P. iniradentata, Burnup, is a variety of 

 P. dysorata, M. & P. 



Among the printer's errors the most unfortunate is the 

 rendering of the word lahrum (outer lip) into labium (inner 

 lip) in nearly every instance in which it was used in the MS., 

 so completely altering the meaning. 



This and a few other misrenderings have necessitated the 

 publication of amended descriptions of the species affected^ in 

 the following pages. 



Since the publication of the paper under discussion the 

 kindness of friends and correspondents, especially Messrs. 

 Ponsonby, Farquhar, and Tomlin, Dr. Sturany, and Major 

 Connolly, has enabled me to study certain forms, specimens 

 of which were unobtainable before, to describe two new 

 varieties, add a few notes on matters not referred to in Melvill 

 and Ponsonby's paper, and offer some new figures. 



* Ann. & Mag. Xat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. i. (1908) pp. 70-86, pis. i. & ii. 



