new Tijiulid Sub/amili/ Cei'atoclieilliia\ 2Sl 



"Wesch^ also fij^ures it. Ceratocheilus is further distinguished 

 from Toxorrhina by the prcsciice of a rudimentary second 

 vein, and by the further rednetion in the nunil)cr of joints 

 of the antenuie ; from Elcphuutumijia by the form of tlie 

 second vein and the number of antennal joints. The 

 antenna! joints are ditlicult to count, but in the male Cerato- 

 cheilus tliey appear to me to be 10 in number, not 8 as 

 stated and tigured by Wesche. There is no close relation- 

 ship either with Phjchoptera or G>/nopUstia, which Wesche 

 sufTj^ested. 



The discovery of the genus Ceratocheilus is of great 

 interest as it affords a safe clue to the interpretation of the 

 neuration of Toxorrhina. The second vein, already in a 

 rudimentary state in the former, has evidently been com- 

 pletely suppressed in the latter genus, in which it is there- 

 fore not the submarginal, but <\\e outer marginal cell which 

 is absent. This explanation was suggested as a possible one 

 by Osten-Sacken (Mon. Dipt. N. Am. iv. p. 112), who, if he 

 had had the present material at his disposal, would doubtless 

 have adopted it as the true one. The similar condition of 

 the second vein in Sttjrinr/omijia is probably due to parallel 

 or convergent evolution, and not indicative of relationship. 



All the known species of Toxorrhina, with^ the exception 

 of T. mada(jascariensis, Menuicr (Bull. Soc. Etud. Sci. Nat. 

 Elbeuf, xxiv. 1906, p. 27), described from jMiulagascar copal, 

 have hyaline wings, while the described Ceratocheilus have 

 spotted wings. This suggests the possibility that T. mada- 

 gascariensis may be a Ceratocheilus ; the presence of a small 

 second vein may easily have been overlooked. The fossil 

 species of Toxorrhina [Elephantomyia) described by Loew 

 may possibly belong to Ceratocheilus; but this is not 

 probable. Osten-Sacken seems to think that they are 

 true Toxorrhina ; if Schiner was correct in saying that 

 they possess a submarginal cell, they probably belong to 

 Elephantomyia. A collection of Diptera in copal from the 

 East African coast, in the British Museum, contains a 

 number of specimens of Elephantomyia. 



A short time after making the above discoveries the writer 

 read Dr. Griinberg's description of his new genus Idiophlebia 

 (Zool. Anz. xxvi. 1903, p. 527), and Dr. Speiser's of 

 /. crassicosta (Berl. ent. Zeit. lii. 1907, p. 132), Avhich 

 seemed to apply to Styrhigomyiu. GrlinlDcrg^s description 

 was compared with those of Loew and Osten-Sacken, with 

 wdiieh it was found to tally eompletel3^ On looking through 

 the accessions of Tipulidse in the Bi-itish Museum I found 

 specimens of a Styringomyia from Burpengary, S. Queens- 



