Classification oj the Perco'.d Fishes. 117 



supramaxillary \ jaws with small pointed teeth and anterror 

 canines; teetli on vomer and palatines. IT pper surface of 

 head with large muciferous cavities, bordered by the parietal 

 crests, which arc continued forward toth • anter or extremity 

 of the frontals. Vertebrae 24 (10+11) ; Last 5 praecaudaU 

 with downwardly directed parapophyscs; 4 ribs sessile, 4 ou 

 parapophyses. 



Fam. 12. Bathyclupeidae. 



Batlnjchipca. sometimes associated with Pempheris, differs 

 from it externally in that the dorsal tin lacks spines and 

 there is but a single anal spine, as well as in the presence 

 of a supramaxillary ; the skeleton differs in that the bypo- 

 coracoids are narrowed forward below and the vertebrae 

 number 31 (10 + 21). It seems probable that Bathyclupea 

 is related to Lactar/us, from which it differs especially in 

 the absence of the spinous dorsal fin and the presence of a 

 suboeular shelf. 



Fam. 13. Labracoglossidse. 



The genera Labracoglossa (Ct/pselichthys), Batfn/steth'is 

 {Pliih/sl; thus), and Evistius have the fins formed as in 

 Lactar'uis, except that the dorsal is continuous. Mouth 

 terminal, oblique, "with the lower jaw included; maxillary 

 exposed, without supramaxillary; minute teeth in the jaws, 

 without canines ; p. date with or without teeth. No large 

 muciferous cavities ou the head, the parietal crests, if 

 developed, commencing behind the orbit, not extending 

 forward in advance of the insertion of the trunk-muscles. 

 No suboeular shelf. 



1 have examined spirit-specimens, and, judging by the 

 distance between the ribs, I estimate that the vertebrae 

 number 24 in all 3 genera. 



Fam. 14. Poinatomidae. 



ireely distinct from the Serranidae, but the separate 

 spinous dorsal of a few slender spines, and the hist 

 anal spine very small, often overgrown. Praeoperculum 

 with a membranous flap produced over the suboperculum. 

 Vertebraa 26 (10-11 + 15—16); praecaudals with downwardly 

 directed parapophyses from the sixth ; first four ribs sessile] 

 rest attached near the extremities o^i the parapophya 



In Pomatomus (Temnodovi) and Scombrops (inch Tele- 

 scojiitts) scales arc present, the soft dorsal and anal arc 



