198 On the Coloration of Echinus angulosus. 



Cidaris angulosa, Leske, 1778, Kl. Add. pi. iii. figs. A, B (copied in 



Edc. Meth, pi. cxxxiii. tig-s. 5, 6). 

 Cidaris gualteri, 1742, Index Test. pi. cviii. fig. A (copied in Enc. 



Meth. pi. cxcviii.). 

 Cidaris, Seba, 1758, Thes. iii. pi. x. fig. 20. 

 Cidaris, Knorr, 1771, Delic. pi. D, figs. 4, 5. 

 Cidaris, Audouin, in Savigny, Egypte, pi. vii. fig. 2. 

 Echinus subangulosus !, Larnk. 1816, An. s. Vert. p. 48 (non Blaiuv.). 

 Echinus subangulosus, Desml. 1837, Syn. p. 270. Cape of Good Hope. 

 Psammechitius subangulosus !, Agass. 1846, C. R. Ann. Sc. Nat. vi. 



p. 368. 

 Psammechinus, Duj. Hupe, 1862, Ecliin. p. 527. 

 Psammechinus verruculatus, Liitk. 1864, Bid. p. 166. 

 Echinus minimus !, Blainville, 1825, Diet. Sc. Nat. O. p. 80. Cape of 



Good Hope. 

 Echinus minimus, Desml. 1837, Syn. p. 274. 

 Echinus mintdusl, Blainv. 1834, Actin. p. 227. 



Mortensen has, however, proposed to establish a new 

 genus, which he terms Parechinus, for Echinus miliaris, 

 E. rnicrotuberculatus, and E. angulosus, chiefly on account of 

 the globiferous pedicellarise. 



Localities. Cape of Good Hope (Wahlenlerg) ; Simon^s 

 Bay [W. Stimpson) ; Cape Town (Layard) ; Nikobar (Mus. 

 Vienna); Butu (Bonn Museum); Mauritius (Stockholm); 

 Mozambique (Blanconi) ; New Zealand (Edwards) ; Adelaide, 

 east coast Australia (Brit. Mus.) ; Bed JSea (Hemp. u. Ehreb., 

 Mus. Berl.) ; Suez (</. d. P.) ; Philippine Islands (Semper). 



This species is thus distributed in widely separated 

 localities, and I also had the opportunity of verifying its 

 occurrence at numerous places on the South- African coast, 

 being there the commonest species of Echinoid. 



References. 



Agassiz, A. — " Revision of the Echini." Illustrated Catalogue of the 



Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, no. vii. 



Cambridge, U.S.A., 1872-74. 

 Bateson, W. — ' Materials for the Study of Variation.' London, 1884. 

 Beddard, F. E. — ' Animal Coloration. An Account of the principal 



Facts and Theories relating to the Colours and Markings of 



Animals.' London, 1892. 

 Bell, F. J. — " The Echinoderma found off the Coast of South Africa. — 



Part I. Echinoidea." Marine Investigations in South Africa, 



vol. iii. Cape Town, 1904. 

 Camehano, L. — " Osservazioui intorno al dimorfismo sessuali degli 



Echinodermi." Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, v. no. 91. 

 Doflein, F. — " Lebensgewohnheiten und Anpassungen bei Decapoden 



Krebsen." Festschrift fur Richard Hertwig, Bd. iii. Jena, 1910. 

 Durham, II. E. — " On Wandering Cells in Echinoderms &c, more espe- 

 cially with regard to Excretory Functions." Quart. Journ. 



Micros. Sc. vol. xxxiii. (1891). 



