CONTENTS Xlll 



PAGE 



Lumber Industry 288 



Maple Sugar Industry 289 



Character of the Land and Timber Ownership 290 



Forest Protection 291 



Forest Fires 291 



Methods of Fire Protection 292 



Protection against Grazing Animals 293 



Protection against Insects and Fungi 295 



Watershed Protection 295 



Summary 295 



Chapter XV. The White Pine Region 296 



General Considerations 296 



Forest Types 299 



Hemlock 300 



Pitch Pine 30i 



White Cedar Swamp 301 



Pure White Pine 303 



Pine and Inferior Hardwoods 3°^ 



Mixed Hardwoods 3^1 



Soft Maple Swamp 312 



Waste Land 312 



Methods of Handling the Forest 3^3 



Hemlock 3 H 



White Cedar Swamp 3^6 



Pitch Pine 316 



Pure White Pine 318 



Pine and Inferior Hardwoods 323 



Mixed Hardwoods 324 



Soft Maple Swamp 325 



Waste Land 325 



Logging Methods 327 



Market Conditions 328 



Industries 329 



Ownership of Woodlands 332 



Forest Protection 332 



Forest Fires 332 



Methods of Fire Protection 335 



Methods of Fighting Fires 339 



Protection against Grazing Animals 339 



Protection against Insects and Fungi 34° 



Watershed Protection 34i 



Summary 34i 



Chapter XVI. The Sprout Hardwoods Region 342 



General Considerations 342 



Forest Types ■ 346 



