234 FORESTRY IN NEW ENGLAND 



cerned. This applies to the three first classes of waste in the 

 woods. Their prevention is nothing more nor less than the best 

 practicable utilization, and should be obtained by every lumber- 

 man and demanded by every timberland owner who sells timber. 



The fourth class of waste covers the destruction of young 

 growth. Unless an owner is practicing forestry or has interest 

 in the future timber value of his holdings he may not care to 

 avoid this class of waste. While comparatively few owners are 

 now practicing forestry, the great majority are interested in the 

 future timber value of their lands, at least from the standpoint of 

 sale value. 



The "avoidable" waste in the destruction of young growth on 

 a logging job is often large. Frequently choppers cut down 

 saplings in feUing a big tree, where bending them aside or lopping 

 off an interfering limb would be sufficient. By felling trees 

 away from groups of young growth waste may be avoided. 

 Oftentimes several young trees are felled to facilitate the re- 

 moval of the logs, where, by a Httle care or by sending in one 

 horse instead of two for the log, the young trees could be saved. 



Probably the greatest "avoidable" waste of young growth 

 occurs in the use of young trees for skids, corduroying roads, and 

 the construction of skidways and bridges. Of course quantities 

 of material are needed for these purposes, and this must come 

 from the neighboring forest. But it is in many cases unnecessary 

 to use thrifty growing trees of valuable species for such purposes, 

 since an inferior species will do as well. In some cases this may 

 involve no extra cost or inconvenience. In most cases it is 

 likely that the inferior species will not answer the purpose quite 

 as well as the tree customarily used, but the owner should remem- 

 ber that the young growth of the valuable species like spruce 

 represents his future profits. Rather than to seriously injure 

 the selhng value of the land and these future returns it is advis- 

 able to substitute, even at a little added expense, inferior species 

 for valuable young growth, for use as skids, etc. 



To secure complete utilization and the saving of young growth 

 in logging operations inspection is necessary. The man doing 



