288 



FORESTRY IN NEW ENGLAND 



cold, requiring much fuel. Where maple sugar is made a large 

 amount of poor-grade wood is used for boiling sap and as a result 

 the average family in the northern hardwoods region burns more 

 wood than does a similar family in the white pine region and 

 nearly twice as much as in the southern hardwoods region. 

 This is a great help in utilizing small-sized material, and in 

 making intensive methods possible. 



Industries. Lumber Industry. — This is the principal forest 

 industry for the timber cut goes on the market mainly as lum- 



Fig. 103. — These hardwood logs have been hauled in by farmers to the mill pond, where 

 they will be sawed by a stationary water power mill. 



ber. There is nothing like the pulpwood industry in the spruce 

 region to compete on a large scale for the unsawn logs. The 

 principal species cut are hemlock, birch (chiefly yellow), maple, 

 beech, spruce, basswood, and ash. It is even more difficult than 

 in the spruce region to get exact figures for the cut, owing to the 

 irregular form of the northern hardwoods region and the way in 

 which it cuts across state and county hnes. 



Moreover, there are no species cut for lumber in this region 



