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FORESTRY IN NEW ENGLAND 



I. Hemlock. — While this is an original and permanent type 

 it is now found as second growth rather than in virgin stands. 

 It is distributed on cool slopes and ravines, and occurs chiefly in 

 the less-settled portions of the territory, for example, in the New 

 Hampshire portion west of the Merrimac River. The soils on 

 which the type occurs are medium to fairly good in quality, but 

 from their location are undesirable for farm purposes. None of 

 the sandy, gravelly soils are occupied by the hemlock type. 



By permission oj F. F. Moon. 



Fig. 105. — A remnant of the original forest in the white pine region. This is a mixed 

 stand of white pine, hemlock, and hardwoods. Heights range up to no feet, diameters 

 to 38 inches. 



The stand is a mixed one, composed of hemlock, white pine, 

 chestnut, red oak, maples, white ash, basswood, and white oak. 

 Hemlock, while oftentimes forming only a small per cent, is 

 always present, and may compose as high as fifty per cent of the 

 stand. In other stands, chestnut and red oak may make up 

 fifty per cent of the stand, and occasionally white pine is simi- 

 larly represented. Hemlock, however, is always the key tree, 

 serving to distinguish the type. A stand containing several age 

 classes is the most common forest form. The undergrowth is 



