314 FORESTRY IN NEW ENGLAND 



By permission oj the U . S. forest Service. 

 Fig. 113. — Pine and inferior hardwoods type. The gray birch should be removed and the 

 pine allowed to develop in a pure stand. See next picture. 



Planting holds in this region an exceedingly important place 

 in forest management. It will be needed mainly on waste lands 

 and on recently cut-over pine lands, but also on cut-over hard- 

 wood lands, to replace the poorer hardwood species, and on 

 portions of farms no longer needed for cultivation or pasture. 

 White pine and red pine should be used most extensively. 



I. Hemlock. — The object in this type should be to favor 

 white pine, chestnut, red oak, white ash, and black cherry when 

 present, at the expense of the hemlock. An even-aged mixed 

 stand of white pine and hardwoods with a mixture of hemlock 

 should result. 



The clear-cutting system, with reserves of scattered seed trees 

 should be used (see Chapter II for description). These seed 

 trees can usually be taken out profitably in a separate operation 

 when reproduction has started. Especial care must be used to 

 remove all the hemlock, as otherwise it may seed in. The 



