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FORESTRY IN NEW ENGLAND 



should be the first planted and until they are stocked the problem 

 of planting hardwood lands to conifers need not be undertaken. 



Wherever cordwood or charcoal can be disposed of at a profit 

 improvement cuttings, especially thinnings, should be made. 



I. Mixed Hardwoods. — At least two systems of reproduction 

 can be used to advantage in handling the different kinds of 

 stands which are included in this type. 



By permission of II'. O. Filley. 



Fig. 132. — Mixed hardwoods type underplanted to white pine seedlings 7 years ago. 

 The hardwoods should be cut soon, taking care not to injure the pine. 



In stands of pure or nearly pure chestnut the simple coppice 

 system ^ can be applied, using a rotation of fifty to sixty years. 

 Chestnut will coppice vigorously at even a greater age. During 

 the rotation several thinnings are advised. They will, of course, 

 increase the yield and will bring in a little seedling reproduction. 

 This latter is quite necessary, even though chestnut sprouts 

 well for a much longer period than the length of this rotation, 

 because at maturity the trees are so far apart that complete 

 sprouting does not serve to fully stock the ground. Seedling 



1 Refer to simple coppice system in the chapter on " Silvicultural Systems." 



