External Characters of Ruminant Artiodacti/Ia, 131 



Genus Lithocranius, Kolil. 



Distinguishable fi'om Gaze/la by the structure of the pedal 

 glands, the floor of which gradually slopes downwards from 

 the front of the fetlock, the cleft being deepest at its lower 

 end, where it is walled in by the heel-tie; also by the 

 absence of inguinal glands and the presence of four raanimze. 



Type, L. waller l. 



Distribution. British East Africa and Somaliland. 



Genus Procapra, Hodgson. 



Distinguishable from Gazella by the absence of the pre- 

 orbitai, inguinal, and carpal glands, the presence of a gland 

 behijid the horns, the reduced size of the pedal glands 

 Aviiich ai)pareutly have a pore-like orifice, as in Ovis and 

 Nemorhedus, and, it is stated, by the rhinarium being over- 

 grown with hair. 



Type, P. picticauduta, Hodgs. 



Distribution. Mongolia, China, Tibet. 



Subfamily Rutica^min^. 



Genus Rupicapra, Blainv. 



Rupicapra rupicapra, Linn. (p. 848). 



Several examples of the typical race of this species from 

 the Tyrol have enabled me to verify, and in the case of some 

 characters to extend, my observations, which in 1910 were 

 based upon the carcases of two newly born kids and upon 

 adult specimens living in the Zoological Gardens. 



Preorbital and inguinal glands are absent and the structure 

 of the pedal glands is constant, the floor of the depression 

 slopes gradually downwards from the front of the fetlock to 

 the heel-tie, where the integument is folded forwards and 

 upwards to form a ridge constituting the distal well of the 

 depression. The walls of the depression are covered with 

 soft, short, silky hair. Elsewhere the hair of the foot is long 

 and coarse, and it is noticeable that the space between the 

 hoofs and the heel-tie itself are covered with long hair. In 

 this character the feet of Rupicapra difl'er from those of 

 other genera of Rupicaprines. Even in Oreaninos, where 

 the greater part of the interdigital cleft is hairy, the heel- 

 tie at least is naked *. 



♦ My figure of the foot of the newly born chamois shows the point of 

 the heel-tie to be naked. 1 am, unfortunately, imable to verify the 

 accuracy of the drawing in that respect. 



