External Characters of Ruminant ArtioddCtylo. 455 



produced into a sliort tube free from the terminal cnsldon- 

 like thickening of tlie glans, aa in Poephar/us [cf. infra). 



Genus Bison, II. Siuitli. 



Bison, II. Smitli, Grifiilhs. An. King. v. p. 373(1827): type, bhon, 



Linn. 

 lionasii.^, ^Vl^L;•nel•, Sclireb. Sang., Snppl. iv. p. .Olo (1844) : type, 



bonasus, Linn. 



The rhinarium (fig. 2, A, R) differs from tliat o£ Bos and 

 Bihos in being more overgrown with hair both above and in 

 front. In fi'oiit the hair of the upper lip spreads towards 

 tlie middle line along the lower margin of tlie nostrils and 

 even penetrates the inner portion of those orifices. Hence 

 at this level the rhinaiium is not wider than the internarial 

 septum. luferiorly, however, it expands, and is broad where 

 it [)asses into the edge of the upper lip. Dorsally the hair 

 of the nose spreads over the upper surface of the rhinarium 

 almost to its anterior margin, leaving a comparatively narrow 

 naked rim bordering the nostrils above, so that from the 

 anterior aspect the upper edge of the rhinarium does not 

 l)resent the evenly convex upper margin seen in Bos and 

 Bibos. 



')l\\& feet also differ from those of the two last-mentioned 

 genera in having the interungual web overgrown with hair, 

 which is sometimes stuck together with secretion. This 

 hairy clothing has l)een observed in two pure-bred specimens, 

 male and female, which died at different seasons of the year. 

 Hence it may be inferred that the growth of hair on this 

 part of the foot is not a seasonal character, as it a[)pears to 

 be in some of the Caprine Ruminants — e. g., Ammotragus 

 lervia and Ovis musimon *. 



The penis (fig. 4, F, G), like that of Bos, has no free 

 prolongation of the urethral canal. 



Although I have cited Bonaaus as a synonym of Bison ^ it 

 must be explained that that course is justified mainly by 

 iufeience, since I have had no opportunity of examining 

 fresh material of the European species, B. honasus, which is 



* Some of the American bisons that have been imported into England 

 as pure-bi"ed stock appear from the higher carriage of the iiead, hi;>her 

 qnarters, longer horns, and other points to have taurusAAooA iu their • 

 veius. They are hybrids known as cattaloes in the United States. One 

 of these had the internngnal integnment of tlie hind feet naked as in 

 Bus taunts, whereas the interungual skin of the foi'e feet was covered 

 with a growth of short hairs, being intermediate iu this respect between 

 the naked condition seeu iu B. taurus and the long-haired condition seen 

 iu Bisun bison. 



