THE HAWAIIAN PEOPLE. 81 



peared to ])e ignorant. Ilicy used tlieir stout spears in \v;ii-dinii' ott' blows. 

 These were made of lieavy solid wood ]i('i-fectly straiuht in form and were 

 twelve to twenty feet in length. 'riicir J;i\cliiis were smaller, l)eing about 

 six feet in length and were i)rovided with i)laiii. ai'rnw-slnipcd. or harl)ed 

 heads which, though dull, were effective when lliinist against the bare skin of 

 the enemy. The next most important of their weapons were stout clubs of 

 various sizes and forms made of wood, stone or hone. With these they were 

 able to deal a powerful hhiw. Their dagger-like sword was from sixteen inches 

 to two feet in length and was frequently pointed at both ends. This weapon 

 was supplied with a string of olona by which it was suspended from the wrist. 

 Another form of sword liad a saw-like edge set with a fev/ shark teeth. The bow 

 and arrow in a diminutive form, although used l)y the alii in the royal spoi-t 

 of shooting rats and mice, was never made use of in warfare; instead, slings 

 manufactured of human hair, braided pandanus or cocoanut cord were the im- 

 portant weapons of defense. AVith them they were able to hurl the smooth 

 egg-shaped pebbles which they prepared with special care, witli gi-e:it force and 

 accuracy. The canoe breaker, made for naval warfare, was simpl\' a round stone 

 tirmly fastened to the end of a rope. This could be whirled about the head 

 and thrown with sufficient force to smash the thin shell of the enemy's canoe. 



The instruments made use of in hand-to-luiud eneounlers wei-e knives titted 

 witli one or two shark's teeth; disemboweling Aveapons were made by fastening 

 a single shark tooth firmly in a short stick of wood, so arranged as to be carried 

 concealed in tlie hand, until, in an unguarded moment, it eonld sudileidy be 

 made use of with fatal effect. A rarer weapon, used in seeui'ing victims 

 for human sacrifice, was a stout cord in a slip-noose form, that was firmly 

 fastened to a knob-like handle. In use the noose was stealthily Ihi-own over the 

 head of the intended victim and hauled taut fi-om the reai- by tlie knob, the back 

 of the victim usually biMiig liroken in the attack that followed. 



Wliile tlie natives were industrious and skilled in the pnrsnits of peace, 

 expert in their primitive arts of war, and an exceedingly religious i)eoi)le. they 

 found much time for anuisements and devised many gam(>s suited to b(4li chil- 

 dren and adults, from which they derived much enjoyinent. 



The Hula. 



The hula was tlu^ form of diversion most commonly indnlLicd in. .\11 of 

 every age and character took part in it. It was not so much a dance in the 

 usual sense of the term, as a form of i-elii^ions sei-vice in which acting in gesture 

 and movement was made use of in developing the ideas expressed by the song: 



DKSCRrrrioN of Plate. 



1. Hawaiian youth standing on tlic svirf board \v^Vii hoc naln]. 2. Showing the 

 shape and size of the board. 3. Racing in the surf at Waikiki; Dianioml Head in the back- 

 ground. 4. An outrigger canoe (waa) showing the outrigger (aina) of wiliwili wood anti 

 the connecting bars [iako] of hau and the gunwale [inooj of ulu. The jiaddh's [hoe] are of 

 koa and kauila wood. 5. Two single canoes on the licadi. Tlic hull of thi' canoe is always 

 made of a single koa log. 



