IXTROnrCEl) PLANTS AND AXT^FALS. 237 



their fan-shaped leaves. Tlie mow coninion, thoujili less attractive wine palm/ 

 can at once be recognized owing to its large coarse ])i pinnate h'aves and wedge- 

 shaped leaflets that are strongly toothed at the extremities. The wine made 

 from this palm in India is drawn ofiP by cntting the ends of the flowering stems 

 from which exndes the sweetish sap. This is then boih-d down inlo a s\ i-iij) or 

 by fermentation made into a toddy. The splendid exam[)les of llie WasliinLiton 

 palm,^ with their tall robust trnnks clotb'd with the pen(huit i-eiiiains of dend 

 leaves, are sure to attract attention from travelers, especially those from ('ali- 

 fornia, where this "weeping palm" is a native. 



Two or three species of the beautiful Khapis ])alms occnr in the islands, 

 where they are usually planted in pots and tubs. They are one of tiie few palms 

 that produce suckers at their base, thereby forming thick clumps. The large 

 species '■' often grows eight or ten feet in height and has the stems armed with 

 prickles. The smaller species^** most commonly have the stems unarmed and 

 the leaves with about ten segments. It can easily be identified as a different 

 species from the plants having leaves wdth from five to seven segments.^ ^ All 

 of the species are native to Japan and China and are occasionally called Japanese 

 or Chinese palms. 



Other plants of interest are the sugar palm,'- a spineless species growing 

 forty feet high; and the oil palm,'-"^ with a stout coarsely and deeply-ringed stem 

 twenty or thirty feet high. It has red fruits wdiich yield the palm oil of eoin- 

 merce. The bottle palm,^^ with a curious bottle-shaped stem or caudex, and the 

 blue palm, I'' with splendid bluish fan-shaped leaves, are easily recognized. 



Only two or three species of the tropical palm-like cycads are fonntl here, 

 and these are the common kinds to be seen growing under glass in more rigorous 

 climates. The plants are propagated from seeds. They are very curious in 

 their method of flowering since the flowers appear in a mass in the heart of the 

 great crown of leaves. In time the flowers are followed by the fertile seed from 

 which they readily grow. The sago palm^" is the commonest species in cultiva- 

 tion, though the much larger species '" is not luicoumion. 



Araucaria. 



Passing to the evergreen-like trees, the giant Araucaria of Australia and 

 elsewhere grows to an enormous size and is frequently seen in gardens. Some 

 splendid species of the Norfolk Island ])ine '•'' are to be seen in the older gardens 

 in Honolulu. The monkey-puzzle oi- Chili pine''' is also coninion about tli(> city. 

 The INIonterey cypress ^"^ seems to thrive in the islands and is much esteemed as 

 an ornamental tree. 



A tree which is more common than any of the foregoing, and one which 

 might be easily mistaken for a pine, is the Aust I'alian ii-onwood.-'' beet'wood or 

 she-oak. The fi-nit is cone-lik'c in appeai'ance and touvthei' with the needlc- 



'' Criri/ntn lo-inix. >* Wfixhiiif/fnnin filifi'rn. "Rlinj.ix C'lrliinrhiiuntsix. '" 7i"/(((//i.v hinnihs 



^^ Kliai>i.i floJii'lUforuiis. ^■- A i->' ii/m xarclid riffni. '''A'^r/.v ;/iii,ii-ii.iis. '< II !/(>i>hnrht' niiuiriraiihii 



^^ Lantania (/knicuplii/llci. ^" Cycas reruliitn. ^' Ci/cas cirriiKilix. >■* A raiiraria c.rceh.i. 



18 Araucaria imbricain. -" Cvpressus niarnicnriia. -i Casiiarinn I'ljinsftiiitUn. 



