IXTRODICED PLANTS AXl) AXiMALS. 241 



natives. It is planted singly abont the uardeiis in the eit\' and is (jiiite eom- 

 nionly met with in siroves of some size in tlu* various valleys of the eroup. 

 Wherever grown it adds materially lo llic lirnuty of hiiidseape and in addition 

 it has a great utility value. Tlie young tree nsnally ui'ows in Ihi- form of a per- 

 fect cone. The leaves are often two feet or moi-e in Icnglh. dark, vigorous green 

 in color and deeply lobed. The tree always has a thi'ifty look wliicli it retains 

 long after it has lost the charm of perfect foi-ni. The lai-ge green iilolmlar fi-nits 

 are three to five inches in diameter and are especially esteemed by natives and 

 Europeans as food. When very ripe the baked fruit has a flavor suggesting 

 sweet potato. When cooked green the flavor is less pronounced and less pleasing. 

 The tree attains a height of forty to sixty feet. The wood is a saffron color, 

 very durable and not liable to split. Elsewhere it has l)een used to some extent 

 in the manufacture of wheel hubs. l)ut in Hawaii it is not used commercially. 

 The Hawaiians used the leaves for polishing, the bark as a medicine, and the 

 gum for capturing birds. Like the kukui. the breadfruit has accompanied the 

 Polynesians on all their wanderings wherever the climate would allow it to live. 

 The tree is exceedingly difficult to propagate. As the Hawaiian vai'iety 

 rarely, if ever, produces fertile seed the plant has been distril)nt('d li.\ root 

 sprouts and by layerings. It is not as important hci'e, however, as in Tahiti. 

 where the fruit is made into a breadfruit poi. 



Mango. 



The mango -"^ is a strikingly beautiful tree and is as much prized for its 

 shade as for its delicious friiit. It forms one of the most stately trees to be seen 

 in the city or about the islands. Its compact growth and its dense foliage of 

 large, dark-green leaves serve to identify the tree, but the rich purple-red or 

 red-brown young leaves, usually grouped on opposite sides of the tree at dif- 

 ferent seasons, make it especially conspicuous and worthy of remark. 



INIost of the trees bloom in January and the fruit ripens along in -Inly and 

 August. However, these dates vary greatl\' and are frequently reversed, so 

 that there is hardly a day in the year when ripe, fresh fruits may not be found 

 in the citv. The bearing trees make but little growth owim:- to llu' lu'av\ fi'uit- 

 age which bends low the sturdy bran<'h('s. Often only one side of a tree will 

 be in fruit at a time. 



The fruit of the mango is of the most excpiisite shape and color. It is abcmt 

 the size of a pear, ovoid, slightly flattene(] with \ho two sides developed uni'(|ually. 



** Mangifera Indira. 



Desckiptiox of Plate. 



1. A fine Algaroba tree | Kiawe] (Prosopis JuU/loro). 2. Leaves of tlie Saered Bauiaii 

 (Ficus religiosa). 3. A Boiigaiiivillea in full bloom. 4. A Kliapis I'alni (iniajii.s Cochin- 

 chinensis). 5. Bird's Nest Fern [Ekaha] (Asplenium nidu.'i) from tin- native forest. (5. 

 Flowers of Clerodendron Thommsnntr. 7. Fruit, flowers and leaves of tlu' California Pepper 

 (Schinus Molle). 8. Air-jdant {BryoplnilUan nilt/riitm). 9. A ("yeas (Ci/cas sp.). 10. 

 Thylodendron in an Algaroba tree; a Bottle Palm to the left, a Fan Palm to the right. 



