532 



INDEX. 



Bays on Hawaii, 148 

 on Kauai, 104 

 on Maui, 134 

 On Oahu, 110 

 Beach at Hilo, 352 



grass. 192 

 heliotrope, 192, ]99 



morning-glory [Pohuehue], 192, 218 



sand, use of, 129 



-worm shells, 441 



sandalwood [Iliahi], 192, 199 

 Beaches, Olivene sand, 129 

 Beak of the swordfish, 373 

 Bean leaf-roller. 395 



weevils, 405, 418 

 Beater, Tapa, 70 

 Beaumontia, 250 

 Beaver, Sea, 496 

 Bedbugs, 402 



Beddard, F. E., (Zoologist), 440 

 Beds, Sulphur, at Kilauea, 170 

 Beefwood, 237 

 Beer, Hawaiian, 210 

 Bee(s), 412 



Carpenter, 403 



Common, 406 



feeding on Palm blossoms. 232 



Honey, 404 



Leaf-cutting, 415 



Long-tongued, 415 



Solitary, 415 



Wad-cutting, 415 

 "Beestill-tree," 252 

 Beetle(s), 395, 405, 415 



Australian ladybird, 384 



Common, 406 



Japanese, Enemies of, 384, 394 



Japanese, on grape, 267 



Ladybird, 393 



588 



on sugar-cane, 



-roach, 3SS 



Salt marsh, 418 



Water, 436 

 Belgian hare, 293 

 Bell-shaped animals, 480 

 Beneficial birds, Introduction of, 308 

 Bengal banian, 245 

 Bermuda grass, 286 

 Berry (Berries), Christmas, 225 



Coffee, 270 



Japanese raspberrv (Thimble berrv) 

 258 



Ohelo, 258, 256 



Thimble, 258 

 Betel nut, 236 



Use by South Pacific islanders, 236 

 Betrothal, 43, 45 

 Betting (see Gambling) 



among Hawaiians, 86 



Bhel or Bael fruit (iEgle sp.). This small, 

 strongly-spinose tree with alternate tri-foliate 

 leaves is not uncommon in Honolulu gar- 

 dens. It is distinguished from the nearlv 

 related Citrus genus bv the hard gourd-like 

 rind of its fruits which, when ripe, is yel- 

 lowish-brown and 3 — 4 inches in diameter. 



Big-headed ant, 403 



"Big-eye" (Pish), 354 



Big-eyed flies, 419 



scad [Akule], 362 

 Bignonia, 248 



Biologist (385). One skilled in or a student 

 of the science of life and living things, in 

 the widest sense. 



Bird-catchers were an important class in old 

 Hawaii who captured birds for their feath- 

 ers. In addition to several well-known bird- 

 limes (which see), they employed nets and 

 spears. They recognized two" seasons for 

 catching birds: one from March to Mav, the 

 other from August to October. These corre- 

 spond with the flowering season of the ohia 

 lehua. The trees in tlie lower woods flow- 

 er in the spring; those higher up in the 

 fall season. The birds they sought move 

 from place to place, wherever tlowers and 

 food is plentiful. The bird-catcher of former 

 times said prayers and made offerings to his 

 gods that the birds of the forest might be 

 gathered into his gum-traps and held fast. 

 It is reported that Kamehameha I was the 

 first to appreciate the importance of protect- 

 ing the birds. He reproved his bird hunters 

 for taking the lives of birds they caught. 



Bird-claw vine, 250, 248 



Bird colony at Laysan, Large, 92, 95 

 feathers. Source of, 98 

 Pishing (Heron), 325 

 flies (Louse-flies), 421 

 groups in Bishop Museum, 310 

 Island [see Xihoal (volcanic), 88, 96. 



98 

 -lice. Wingless, 400, 430 

 life on Laysan, Views of, 310, 316 



Bird lime, 226 



Bird-lime was usually made from the juice of 

 certain Lobelias. Breadfruit gum was also 

 used, as was the juice of the species of 

 papala (Ptsoida spp.). Oha (Chnnontia sp. ) 

 was perhaps the best source of gum. The 

 gum of the last two was prepared by boiling. 



Bird, Man-o'-war, 310 

 Miller, and nest, 316 

 notes (see species in question), 331 

 pirates, 318 



poachers on Lisiansky Island, 95 

 poachers on Midway Island, 94 

 Eed-headed alae, 328 

 reservation, Hawaiian Islands. 93 

 songs (see species in question), 331 

 White-headed alae, 328 

 Accidental visitors (see Rare birds), 

 310 



Birds as food (see species in question), 311 



Birds as pets. It was quite the custom with bird 

 catchers to keep the o-o. iiwi and apapane 

 alive m special cages to use as decovs in 

 bird catching. They were feed, dailv. on 

 the nectar of their favorite flower and in 

 time became very tame. 



Birds as ocean waifs, 308 

 as regular visitors, 308 

 Beneficial, introduction of, 308 

 Capture of, at night, 311 

 Cliff-nesting species, 311 

 Finch-like, Hawaiian, 331 

 Hawaiian, Peculiar odor of, 331 

 Identification of sea, 309 

 Introduced, 304 

 of Laysan Island, 312 

 of the marshes, 320 

 of the mountain forests. 334, 328 



