570 



INDEX. 



Nets [Koko], 68 



Bag, 341 



Dip, 341 



Fish, 73 



Gill, 339 



of oloua, 73 



Opelu, 341 

 Nettle, Sea, 480 

 Newa. 44 



Newell 's shearwater, 309 

 New industries (kcc Industries), 281 



Zealand, 229, 28], 307 

 Night birds, 309 



blooming Cereus, 246, 254 



fishing, 242 



heron, Black-crowned, 310, 325 



-mare. How interjireted, 49 



mosquito, 3S7 



view of Mokuaweoweo, 186 



Xiho. A tooth, especially a whale's tooth: hence 

 Nihopalaoa. an ivory ornament, worn pendent 

 from the neck, made from the ivory of the 

 whale or walrus. Orifcinally this ornament 

 was worn onlv l.v hifrh cliiefs (nee plate 10, 

 fig. 1). 



Nihoa (Bird Island), 88, 96, 98 

 Position of, 9S 

 Visited by, 9s 



Niihau, Description of, 1"1 

 Island, 88 



mats [makaloa], 57, 72 

 mats, how ornamented, 731 

 Position of, 100, 101 

 shell, 470, 101, 453 



Nitidulid beetles, 388, 417 



Nitrogen in soil, 105 



Niu. The name of the cocoanut tree. Under 

 the tabu system females were forbidden to 

 eat the nuts under penalty of death. 



Niu (sec also cocoanut), 2(tl, 23(i 

 uses of ,236 



Noah's ark shell (Ark shell), 456 



Nobility a powerful class, 54 



Noetuids, 396 



Nocturnal (309). Active at night, appearing at 

 night. 



Noddy tern, 310, 311, 318 



Nohu" (Scorpion fish), 374. 168 



Nohu, 92, 199, 368 



Nohuanu, 229 



Nomenclature. The systematic naming of things. 

 Scientific knowledge is based primarily on 

 the classification of facts. Classification in 

 general consists in observing objects and plac- 

 ing those which are alike in one or more char- 

 acters in the same group under a common 

 name. As the study of living objects has 

 advanced, and the number of species been 

 increased through research, the detail of pro- 

 viding a separate and definite name for each 

 living thing has become an enormous task. 

 This labor is largely i)erformed by specialists, 

 who working as botanists, zoologists, ento- 

 mologists and the like, are guided in the 

 naming of objects in their respective fields, by 

 certain more or less definite rules known as 

 the rules, or canons of nomenclature. By 

 these rules scientific or technical names are 

 applied which are intended to serve the 

 double purpose of providing a definite name 

 for the animal or plant, and at the same 

 time, one which will indicate its relation to 

 other similar groups and to still other groups 



from which it differs more or less in import- 

 ant characters. Natural classification at- 

 temps to indicate the relation of groups to 

 other groups of varying degrees of similarity. 

 In this scheme of classification and nomen- 

 clature a number of terms are quite gener- 

 ally applied, in the biological sciences, with the 

 general meaning of which every person should 

 be acquainted. The classification of the do- 

 mestic cat is a familiar example and one that 

 serves well to indicate the important points 

 in the whole scheme of classification and 

 nomenclature in force among both botanists 

 and zoologists. 



The many varieties or breeds of domestic cats indi- 

 cates the variation liable to occur within a 

 given species. The lion and the tiger differ 

 more widely in their characters and for that 

 reason are given different specific names, 

 but they, together with the common cat (as 

 well as numerous other species), are all 

 grouped together as species belonging to one 

 GENUS (Felis). The genus Felis and other 

 genera, in which are placed less common cat- 

 like animals, are gi-ouped together in a 

 larger group — the FAMILY (Felidfe). This 

 important group, together with the memljers 

 of the dog familv form a still larger grouji — 

 the ORDKR (Carnivora). These families, 

 as an order, are included with other orders to 

 foim a CLASS and so on. as indicated in the 

 following diagram: 

 Kingdom — Animalia. 

 i'hylum — Chorda t a. 

 Class Mammalia. 

 Order- — Carnivora. 

 Family — Felidaj. 

 Genus — Felis. 



Species — Felis doiiiefitiea. 



The name of the animal is generally understood 

 its generic name followed by its specific 

 To this, under varying rules, is 

 added as authority for the name, the 

 family name of the [)erson first publishing an 

 accurate description of the animal or plant. 

 Variety names are added under the same 

 general rule; the names of the sub-species or 

 variety following that of the species as Asio 

 oeripitriniis f!(nidi:ire)ifii.i (Blox.). The name 

 indicating that the Hawaiian owl is a variety 

 of the short eared owl of America and that 

 it was first described by Bloxham. The 

 name of the authority being enclosed in 

 parenthesis (Bloxham) 

 student of nomenclature, 

 been changed from the 

 which Bloxham referred 

 description. 



Non-calcarious sponges, 500 

 Noni, 201, 205 



Distribution of, 205 



uses of, 205 

 Norfolk Island pine, 237 

 North America, 191, 204, 22(5, 346 



coast of Molokai. 133 



-east coast of Hawaii, 154 



Pacific currents, 191, 248 

 Norway, 291 



rat. 291 

 Nose flute, 82 



how played, 82 



player, 40, 76 



of Hawaiians (characteristic), 38 



name 

 to be 

 name. 

 Tisuallv 



indicates. to the 



that the species has 



original genus to 



it in the original 



Notes, comments, 



found, 10 

 Notochord, 484 

 Noxious animals, 35 

 Nuihi, 345 



observatioi s, where 



