CONTENTS xi 



CHAPTER XIV 



ORNITHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



PAGE 



General migration of birds — Distribution and habits of bulhuls — Plasticity 

 of instinct — Paradise flycatchers — The black drongo — Habits of the 

 purple sunbird — Nesting instinct of the whistling thrush, the bnrbct, 

 and the Kashmir martin — Troops of insectivorous birds — Tumbling of 

 birds — Soaring fhght of birds ........ 258 



CHAPTER XV 



GEOLOGICAL SKETCH 



General features of Hazara — Central granite — Pahuozoic slates — Infra- 

 Triassic series — Triassic limestones — ^Jurassic and Cretaceous — Eocene 

 Nummulitics — Vegetation of Tertiaries — Summary of geological changes 

 — Movements of sand in a mountain stream ..... 279 



Index .... 297 



