CONTENTS 



CHAPTER VII 



KUKTHER OliSERVATlONS ON THE C.EOMETRICAL SNARE 



FAGE 



Ultimate fate of temporary spiral — Reversal of spiral — Reason of reversal 

 of spiral — Example of plasticity of instinct — Spider's power to estimate 

 tension — Delicacy of sense of touch — Industry of Aratiats — Mode of 

 emission of fdamenl — Economy of spider and destruction of snare — 

 Perfection and imperfection in snare ....... io8 



CHAPTER VIII 



THE INSTINCT OF SPIDERS 



Spiders and weather — Force of instinct — Repair of well — Experiments to 

 indicate the unswerving force of instinct — Slavery to instinct — Trans- 

 ference to other snares — Spider not entangled in its own snare — Mode 

 of escape — Protective resemblance — Special senses of spiders . .124 



CHAPTER IX 



SHEET-BUILDING SPIDERS 



Habits of spider and character of snare — Refusal to spin in stormy weather 

 — Mode of capturing prey — Injection of poison — Sense of touch — 

 Function of pedipalps — Force of instinct — Shamming death in spiders 

 and insects — Physical properties of web — Pertinacity of Artana . .150 



CHAPTER X 



OBSERVATIONS ON INSECT LIFE. 



Mountain dust — Inhabitants of pools — Carnivorous flies — Water-boatmen — 

 Struggle for life — Mentality of fishes — Habits of Ves/>a orientalis — 

 Nest of Polistes — Depredations of Vespa viagnifua — Mimicry in 

 humble-bees — Humble-bees and flowers — Habits of leaf-cutting bees — 

 Instinct of mud-wasp — Instinct of digger-wasps 164 



CHAPTER XI 



BUTTERFLIES, MOTHS AND CICADAS 



Swallow-tails of Harara — Sexual display — Protective coloration in butter- 

 flies — Butterflies resembling leaves — Protectively-coloured moths — 

 Enemies of butterflies and moths — Instinctive fear of enemies — Rainy 

 season in Hazara — Habits and musical organs of Cicada . . . 196 



CHAPTER XII 



GLOW-WORMS, TERMITES AND SHELLS 



Habits and luminosity of glow-worms — Their contests with snails — Flight 

 and destruction of termites — Instincts associated with their distribution 

 anil preservation — Shedding of wings — Habits of ant-lions — Notes on 

 the dispersal of shells . . . . . . . . . .218 



CHAPTER XIII 



OBSERVATIONS ON MAMMALS 



Comparative scarcity of mammals — Observations on flying squirrel — Habits 

 and instincts of Himalayan monkeys — Emotional expression in the 

 leopard — Contentment — Fear — Anger — Distress — Eagerness — Atten- 

 tion — Affection 239 



