22 



Distribution in the British Islands. Resident, nesting 

 locally on the moorlands of Devonshire, the central and 

 northern counties of England, and in Ireland. Commoner 

 in Scotland, where it abounds in the northern and western 

 islands. More widely distributed after the breeding season 

 and in winter. Also a Winter Visitor from northern Europe, 

 and probably a Bird of Passage. 



General Distribution. The Twite breeds in western 

 Norway on the coasts and islands up to about 70 N. 

 latitude, also in Lapland and northern Finland. It is found 

 in winter in Europe generally, but is rare in the south. 

 From the Caucasus and Asia Minor through Tibet to Man- 

 churia and in Kashmir allied forms have been recognised. 



Genus PYRRHULA Brisso, Orn. iii. 1760, p. 308. 

 Type: P. pyrrhula (Linn.). 



Pyrrhula, latinized form of irvppov\fn, a red-coloured bird mentioned by 

 Aristotle. 



Pyrrhula pyrrhula. NORTHERN BULLFINCH. 



Loxia pyrrhula Linnceus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 171 : 

 Sweden. 



Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Linn.} ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, 

 p. 446. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Bare Visitor, arriving 

 in autumn. Has occurred in Haddingtonshire in 1884 and 

 1910 ; Norfolk, 1893 ; Yorkshire, 1894 and 1910 ; Orkneys, 

 Oct. 1912 ; Berwick, Fife, and Isle of May, 1910 ; and in the 

 Shetlands, 1902, 1905, 1906, and 1913. 



General Distribution. The Northern Bullfinch breeds in 

 Scandinavia and northern Europe from north-east Germany 

 and perhaps Hungary to west Siberia. It occurs in winter 

 in western and southern Europe. Allied forms have been 

 described from western and central Europe, the Azores, 

 the Caucasus, and temperate Asia. 



