PYRRHULA. CARrODACUS. ,23 



Pyrrhula pyrrhula pileata. BRITISH 

 BULLFINCH. 



Pyrrhula pileata MacGillivray, Hist. Brit. Birds, i. 1837, 



p. 407 : Great Britain. 



Pyrrhula europsea Tieillot; B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 56 

 (part.) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 447 (part.) ; 

 Sounders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 195 (part.). 

 Pileata = capped. 



Distribution. Resident, generally distributed in England, 

 Wales, and Ireland, but local in Scotland. 



This subspecies is not known to occur outside the British 

 Islands. 



Genus CARPODACUS Katip, Naturl. Syst. 1829, p. 161. 

 Type : C. erytlirinus (Pali.). 



Carpodacus fruit-biting, from icnrpTros and COKI-M. 



Carpodacus erythrinus. SCARLET GROSBEAK. 



Loxia erythrina Pallas, N. Comm. Ac. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 

 xiv. pt. 1, 1770, p. 587 : Samara, Russia. 



Carpodacus erythrinus (Pallas) ; B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, 



p. 55 ; Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 391. 

 Pyrrhula erythrina Sounders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 197. 



Erythrinus = fpvGp'ivos,wa,a a kind of red mullet mentioned by Aristotle, 

 H. A. iv. 11, 8 ; it is here used as an adjective from epv9pos=red. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Rare Visitor. Has 

 occurred in Sussex, Sept. 1869 ; Middlesex, Oct. 1870 ; 

 Radnorshire, 1875 ; Norfolk, Sept. 1892 ; Fair Isle, Shetlands, 

 autumns of 1906, 1908, 1912, and 1913 ; Isle of May, Fife, 

 autumns of 1907, 1908, 1909, 19 10, and 1913 ; St. Kilda,Sept. 

 19 JO ; Oxfordshire, Jan. 1912; East Ross-shire, Sept. 1912 ; 

 Orkneys, Aug. and Sept. 1913 ; Northumberland, Aug. 1913. 



General Distribution. The Scarlet Grosbeak breeds from 

 East Prussia and the mountains of Hungary through Russia 

 and Siberia to the Lena, and has occurred as a straggler in 



