26 FRINGILLIDjE. 



Loxia leUCOptera. (Extra-limital.) 

 Loxia leucoptera bifasciata. TWO- 

 BARRED CROSSBILL. 



Crucirostra bifasciata C. L. Brehm, Ornis, iii. 1827, 



p. 85 : Thuringia. 



Loxia bifasciata (SreJun) ; B. O. 17. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 58 ; 

 Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 442 ; Saunders, 

 Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 203. 

 Bifasciata with two bands, from bis and/oscia. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A somewhat Eare 

 Visitor. Has occurred on numerous occasions in Great 

 Britain, including the Outer Hebrides and Shetlands, and in 

 three instances in Ireland. 



General Distribution. The Two-barred Crossbill breeds 

 in the forests of northern Russia and throughout Siberia. 

 It spreads southwards irregularly and has been found 

 in almost every part of Europe. The form which occurs 

 throughout Siberia has been separated as L. I. elegans, but 

 seems to be only doubtfully distinct. 



Genus EMBEBJZA Linnceus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 176. 

 Type : E. citrinella Linn. 



Emberiza, latinized from the Old German Embritz, cf. Modern German 

 Ammer and our Yellow Hammer. 



Emberiza calandra. CORN-BUNTING. 



Emberiza calandra Linnceus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 176 : 



Sweden. 



Emberiza iniliaria Linn. ; B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 59 ; 



Saunders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 207. 

 Miliaria miliaria Sharpe, Gat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 552. 

 Calandra = icaXavSpa, a kind of lark in Oppian Ix. iii. 15. 



Distribution in the British Islands. Resident, common, and 

 widely distributed, being most abundant in the vicinity of 

 the coast. Some of our native birds emigrate in autumn and 

 return in spring, and hence are Summer Visitors. 



