PARUS. ,GrTHALUS. 59 



Parus cristatus. NORTHERN CEESTED TITMOUSE. 



Parus cristatus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 189 : 

 Sweden. 



Parus cristatus Linn. ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. 1883, p. 27 



(part.). 

 Parus cristatus cristatus Witlierby, British Birds, v. 1911, p. 109. 



Cristatus = furnished with a crest. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Rare Visitor. The 

 only known occurrence is from Whitby, Yorkshire, March 

 1872, but other English records of Crested Tits probably 

 relate to this form. 



General Distribution. The Northern Crested Titmouse 

 breeds in Scandinavia, northern Russia, Poland, and eastern 

 Germany. It is represented in western Germany and western 

 Europe by P. c. mitmtus, while a doubtfully distinct form 

 inhabits Spain and Portugal. 



Parus cristatus scoticus. SCOTTISH CRESTED 

 TITMOUSE. 



Lophophanes cristatus scotica Pra2a&, Journ.f. Ornith. 

 1897, p. 347 : Scotland. 



Parus cristatus Linn. ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. 1883, p. 27 

 (part.) ; B. O. U. List, Isted. 1883, p. 28 ; Saunders, Manual, 

 2nd ed. 1899, p. 111. 



Scoticus = Scottish. 



Distribution. Confined to Scotland. Resident and common 

 in the pine forests and birch woods of the Spey Valley of 

 east Inverness-shire and Morayshire. 



Genus MrlTHALUS Hermann, Observ. Zool. 1804, p. 214. 

 Type : ^E. caudatus (Linn.). 



JEgithalos, more correctly JEgithalus some small bird, m'y'0aXAos in Aris- 

 totle, if. A. ix. 15. 2, Aristophanes, 887. 



