88 TURDID.E. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A common Winter 

 Visitor; also a Bird of Passage to and from its boreal summer 

 home and its more southern winter quarters. 



General Distribution. The Redwing breeds in the north 

 of the Palaearctic region, including Iceland and the Faeroes, 

 ranging as far south as East Prussia, and eastwards to the 

 Lena in Siberia. It winters in southern Europe, Madeira, 

 the Canary Islands, north-west Africa, Persia, and north-west 

 India. It has occurred in Spitsbergen and Greenland. 



Turdus pilaris. FIELDFARE. 



Turdus pilaris Linncens, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 168 : Sweden. 



Turdus pilaris Linn. ; SeeboJim, Cat. Birth B. M. \. 1881, p. 205 ; 

 B. O. 17. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 2 ; Sounders, Manual, 2nd 

 ed. 1899, p. 7. 



Plldris, the translation given by Gaza (1476) of rpl\as, a kind of Thrush, 

 in Aristotle, Hist. An. ix. 20, as if that name were derived from 9pi^=pilus 

 hair. The classical Latin word pildris= relating to a ball, is quite uncon- 

 nected with it. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A common Winter 

 Visitor from northern Europe. Also a Bird of Passage to 

 and from its boreal summer home and its more southern 

 winter quarters. 



General Distribution. The Fieldfare breeds in the 

 northern Palsearctic region as far east as the Lena and as 

 far south as Germany and Austria-Hungary. It winters 

 in central and southern Europe and in small numbers in 

 Madeirn, the Canary Islands, north Africa, and from Asia 

 Minor and Palestine to north-west India, where it is rarely 

 met with. 



Turdus fuscatus. DUSKY THKUSH. 



Turdus fuscatus Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. 1827, i. 

 p. 451, pi. xii. : Transbaikalia. 



Merula fuscata (Pallas') ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B.M. v. 1881, p. 262. 

 Turdus fuscatus Musters, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. ] 906, p. 45. 

 Fuscat us dusky. 



