TURDUS. MONTICOLA. 91 



Turdus torquatus alpestris (BreJim) Cordeaux, Zoologist, 1895, 

 p. 56. 



Alpestris alpine. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Bare Visitor. It has 

 occurred in Sussex in May 1911 and March 1913, and 

 possibly also in Yorkshire and Norfolk. 



General Distribution. The Alpine Ring-Ouzel breeds in 

 the mountains of central and southern Europe, from the 

 Pyrenees and Alps and the higher mountain ranges of 

 southern Germany east to the Balkans and Carpathians. 

 It also occurs in Asia Minor, and perhaps breeds there. 

 In the Caucasus and north Persia another race, T. t. 

 orientalis, is recognised. 



Turdus aureus. WHITE'S THRUSH. 



Turdus aureus Holandre, Faun. dep. Moselle, in Ann. 

 Moselle, 1825, p. 60 : Metz. 



G-eocichla varia (Pall.) ; Seebohm, Oat. Birds S.M. v. 1881, p. 151. 

 Turdus varius E. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 3; Saunders, 



Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 11. 

 Aureus = golden. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Rare Visitor. It has 

 occurred in late autumn or in winter in Berwickshire, 

 Durham, Yorkshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Hampshire, Devon- 

 shire, Cornwall, Somersetshire, Gloucestershire, Shropshire, 

 Warwickshire, co. Cork, co. Longford, and co. Mayo. 



General Distribution. White's Thrush breeds in eastern 

 Siberia and Japan, and winters in southern China and 

 Formosa. It also occurs in the Philippines, Assam, and 

 Burma, and occasionally in western Siberia and almost every 

 part of Europe. 



Genus MONTICOLA F. Bole, Isis, 1822, p. 552. 

 Type : M. saxatilis (Linn.). 



Monticdla = & dweller in the mountains, from mons and culere. 



