ARENARIA. LABU8. 251 



Arenaria interpres. TURXSTOXE. 



Tring-a interpres Lintveus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 148 z 

 Sweden. 



Strepsilas interpres (Linn.); . O. V. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 161? 



Sounders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899. p. 557. 

 Arenaria interpres Sharpe, Cat. Birds . M. xxiv. 1896, p. 92. 



Interpres = an agent between two parties, an explainer : from inter = 

 between, and the root of Sanskrit prath unfold (whence TrXarus = broad): 

 perhaps in allusion to its warning note. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Winter Visitor 

 and a Bird of Passage to our coasts, and sometimes to inland 

 waters from the end oE July to May. A good many 

 birds in breeding-plumage, sometimes in pairs, remain 

 throughout the summer, but have never been proved to- 

 nest, even in the Shetland Islands. 



General .Distribution. The Turnstone breeds in Greenland, 

 Iceland, probably in all the islands in the Arctic Ocean, and 

 from northern Europe, southwards to Denmark and the Baltic,, 

 eastwards through northern Siberia to Bering sea ; also in 

 Alaska and Arctic America. In winter it visits the coasts- 

 o Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania, Australia, and South 

 America. The birds breeding in Arctic America have been 

 recognised as a distinct race. 



Order LARIFORMES. 

 Family LAEID^. 



Genus LARUS Linnceus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 13G. 

 Type : L. canus Linn. 



Larus = \dpos, a ravenous sea-bird, in classical Greek. Akin to Old Noraa 

 Uri=a, Tern. 



