308 COLUMBTDJE, 



Pillumbus = a Wood-Pigeon, in classical Latin ; akin to TrtXeio a pigeon, 

 and 7rs\6s=pullus, dark. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Resident, generally 

 distributed, except in the Outer Hebrides and Orkney Islands 

 where it is scarce, and in the Shetland Islands where it is 

 only a passage-migrant. It is plentiful as a winter visitor, 

 vast flocks of continental birds arriving on our eastern shores 

 in autumn and returning in spring, their movements being 

 irregular and guided by the food-supply. 



General Distribution. The Ring-Dove inhabits Europe 

 generally to about 66 N. latitude, ranging to north- 

 east Persia and north-west Africa. In the Azores it is 

 represented by a slightly different race, and birds from 

 Madeira have also been regarded as separable. In central 

 Asia a more distinct form, C. p. casiotis, is found. 



Columba livia. ROCK-DOVE. 



Columba livia Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. pt, 2, 1789, p. 7CO : 

 S. Europe [Hartert]. 



Columba livia Bonn. ; B. O. IT. List, 1st eel. 1883, p. 139 . 

 Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. 1893, p. 253; Saunderg, 

 Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 483. 



Livia, from its leaden colour, llvor. Gaza translates Aristotle's sreXeios 

 by livia, because TreXos dark-coloured ; c.f. French Biset, from Fr. bise = 

 livor. 



Distribution in the British Islands. A Resident, breeding 

 in the cliffs and in caves of the sea-coasts, and occasionally 

 iu inland situations. In England its nesting-places are le^s 

 numerous than in Scotland and Ireland, and appear to be 

 confined to Yorkshire, Devonshire, Cornwall, and Cumber- 

 land, but round the coast of Wales it is widely distributed. 



General Distribution. The Rock-Dove inhabits the 

 western Palsearctic region, including the Faeroes, the 

 Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira, and the countries 

 and islands of the Mediterranean ; also Asia Minor, and 

 the countries as far east as north-west India. It is often 



