THOUGHT CAPACITY IN ANIMALS 21 



" yes," and to a further enquiry as to whether he is 

 ashamed of himself, he responds with an emphatic 

 " yes yes yes ! " 



" ' But as is the case with children, example and 

 precept are of far greater use than corporeal punish- 

 ment, although this cannot be neglected altogether. 

 The axiom that we evolve in accordance with the 

 treatment meted out to us is as true in the case of an 

 animal as it is with that of a human being, and the 

 more this is recognized and laid to heart the shorter 

 will be the martyrdom still inflicted upon the animal 

 kingdom.' 



" In the March of this year Fraulein Hoffmann was 

 kind enough to communicate the following incident 

 to me ; it corroborates an earlier observation made 

 by Frau Dr. Moekel (compare ' Communications of 

 the Society for Animal Psychology,' 1914, p. 6, or 

 ' The Soul of an Animal,' 1916, p. 81). 



" ' I was sitting in the garden reading, when I heard 

 the sound of birds twittering over their food in a tree 

 hard by. Harras watched them attentively for some 

 time and I told him the names of the birds they were 

 jays and wood-peckers. The next morning he did not 

 come up to my room a second time with the maid, al- 

 though he can generally hardly contain himself until 

 he has had his breakfast given him. At length, when 

 he did appear, I asked him if he had seen the birds 

 again, and he answered " yes " ; then to my question 

 as to their names he gave " her " and " spct " (i.e. 

 " Haher " and " Specht " = jay and woodpecker)." 



