BOTANY 



of West Cornwall was published in vol. i. new ser. of the same work 

 (pp. 215, 422) by Dr. Ralfs. In 1884 (loc. cit. ii. 73, 379) Mr. 

 R. V. Tellam published a very full list of the lichens of the eastern part 

 of the county. T'be List of Scale Mosses and Lichens of Devon and Corn- 

 wall, published at Plymouth in 1872 by Mr. E. M. Holmes, also con- 

 tains a number of Cornish localities for lichens. Other lichenologists 

 who have explored various parts of the county are the late Mr. Dawson 

 Turner, Dr. H. B. Holl, Mr. E. G. Varenne, Mr. E. D. Marquand, the 

 Rev. J. M. Crombie, and others. The largest contributors to the 

 Cornish lists have undoubtedly been the Rev. T. Salwey, Dr. Ralfs, Mr. 

 W. Curnow, and Mr. R. V. Tellam. Mr. Holmes has visited in search 

 of lichens the boundary line of the Tamar from Mount Edgcumbe to 

 Saltash, Whitsand Bay, Fowey, Padstow, St. Ives, Newquay, Bedruthan, 

 Falmouth, Lizard, Penzance and Land's End. Lichens from these local- 

 ities that do not appear in the published lists are mostly records taken 

 from specimens in his herbarium. 



The characteristic lichens of the county are chiefly those that occur 

 on maritime rocks, especially on granite, clay, slate, and serpentine. 

 Those characteristic of hard limestone, and of mountainous or subalpine 

 regions, are fewer in comparison, although there are many cretaceous 

 species found on the shelly sand dunes, as at St. Minver, and on the 

 mortar of old walls. The abundant oak coppices, clothing the sides of 

 damp ravines, as in the neighbourhood of Bodmin, furnish many 

 southern species ; others are found in the warm climate of Scilly Isles, 

 Penzance, and the Lizard that are not found further north, or very 

 sparingly so on the north-west of Great Britain, where the influence of 

 the Gulf Stream is felt. Thus Lecidea Muddii is found on the coast in 

 Westmorland, and Sticta Tbouarsii and S. crocata occur near Oban and 

 elsewhere on the west of Scotland. Several species usually sterile in 

 Britain have been found in fructification in moderate abundance in 

 Cornwall. Amongst these may be especially noticed Roccella fuciformis 

 and R. pbycopsis, Parmelia Borreri, P. caperata, P. perlata, and Pbyscia 

 flavicans. 



The following are some of the rarer lichens found in the county, 

 which are characteristic of a southern flora : Myriangium Duricei, found 

 only in Cornwall and the Channel Islands, chiefly on ash trees ; Sticta 

 aurata, found in the Scilly Islands, but extremely rare in Dorset and 

 Hants ; S. Dufourei, Physcia speciosa, P. leucomela ; Opegrapba ampbotera 

 elsewhere recorded only from Bala Lake in Wales ; Lecanora subexigua, 

 L. discoretta, L. Ralfsii, Lecidea strepsodina, L. herbarum, L. scopulicola, 

 Opegrapba lentiginosa, O. Ceesariensis^ O. grumulosa, Litbograpba petrtea, 

 L. dendrograpba, Arthonia ilicina, Graphis Lyellii, G. Ruiziana, Stigma- 

 tidium circumscriptum, Cbiodecton Sarniense, and the maritime species of 

 Verrucaria. The Grapbidiei are particularly well represented in the 

 county, almost as richly indeed as in the south-west of Ireland. Ramalina 

 Curnowti, named after Mr. William Curnow, one of the princes of 

 Cornish botanists, does not appear to have been detected elsewhere, 



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