A HISTORY OF CORNWALL 



ZOANTHARIA 



The Zoantharia, which include the sea anemones and corals, were made a subject of special 

 study by Dr. Cocks at Falmouth, who not only gave a list of local species in his 'Fauna of Falmouth' 

 in 1849, but published a descriptive account of all the county species he had examined, with plates, 

 in the Ann. Rep. Roy. Cornw. Polyt. Sac. (1852). Mrs. Gough, of Penzance, devoted a considerable 

 amount of attention to the sea anemones of Mount's Bay, and embodied her observations in a 

 paper in the Trans. Penz. Nat. Hist, and Antiq. Sec. (new ser.), ii. (1885-8). 



1. Actinoloba diantbus, Ellis (MetriJium senilis, L.). 



F. c. along S. coast from Whitsand B. to 

 Sennen within l.w-m. on sheltered shelving 

 rocks, in tidal caves, and occ. to 25 fm. ; 

 St. Ives, Newquay, Boscastle, rock-pools of 

 Annett, and from 40 fm. off Menavawr, Scilly! 



2. Sagartia bellis, E. & S. (Cereus pedunculatus, 



Pennant). Locally c. all round the coast and 

 at Scilly on indented and fissured rocks, in rock- 

 pools and in crevices in muddy nooks. Of 

 Gosse's vars., tyriensis, versicokr, modesta and 

 sordida all occur about Mount's B. Cocks's 

 S. Johnstoni from Gyllyngvase is probably a 

 variety of this species 



3. S. miniata, Gosse. Plymouth district (M.B.A.) 



Gorran! Coverack! Mount's B. (Mrs. Gough), 

 Scilly and Boscastle! 



4. S. rosea, Gosse. Recorded so far only from the 



Manacles and from Scilly (Alford) 



5. S. ornata, Holdsworth. Single specs, from Mount's 



B. (Tregelles), Padstow on the roots of Lamm- 

 aria digitata\ 



6. S. venusta, Gosse. St. Michael's Mt. (Marquand), 



Annett, Scilly and near Newquay on washed-up 

 Laminaria \ 



7. S. nivea, Gosse. Once at Plymouth (M.B.A.) ; 



also on a Pinna valve in trawl refuse, Meva- 

 gissey! and at Scilly (Alford) 



8. S. (TAof) sphyrodeta, Gosse. Plymouth S. (M.B.A.); 



Scilly (Alford) 



9. S. palllda, Holdsworth. Found by Tregelles in 



trawl refuse from Mount's B. 



10. S. coccmea, Mtlller. 

 Peach 



Found on the S. coast by 



II. S. troglodytes, Gosse (Cylista undata, Mtlller). 

 Gen. dist. along S. coast, in rock crevices be- 

 tween t-m. just beyond l.w-m. and in deepish 

 water ; c. Plymouth (M.B.A.) ; Whitsand B. 

 (Couch), Polperro, Fowey, Gorran Haven, 

 Falmouth, Coverack, Sennen, near Newquay, 

 at Boscastle ; Tresco, Annett and St. Martin's, 

 Scilly ! 



1 2. S. (Cyliita) viduata, Mall. C. Plymouth (M.B.A.) ; 

 Falmouth, and f.c. between t-m. at Helford ; 

 Annett, Scilly! on 1 3 March, 1904, was abund. 

 at Padstow after a violent gale ! 



13. S. parasitica, Couch (Adamsia polypus, Forskal). 

 Apparently n. unc. at 5 to 30 fm. gen. associated 

 with Eupagurus bernhardus, but occ. found on 

 Pinna ingens, Cyprina islandica, and on the claw 

 of the Corwich crab, Maia squinado (Couch) ; 



14. 



c. Plymouth, Fowey, Mevagissey, Gorran 

 Haven, Falmouth, Helford, Penzance, St. Ives, 

 Newquay, and at Scilly ! 



S. chrysosplcnium, Cocks. Scarce but occ. found 

 under surfaces of stones at extreme l.w. and in 

 rock-pools at Gyllyngvase, Pennance, Helford 

 and St. Ives (Cocks) ; Laregan Rocks, Mount's 

 B. (Mrs. Gough) 



Described by W. P. Cocks 

 from specs, from Falmouth, 

 but not satisfactorily iden- 

 tified by any subsequent 

 naturalist 



S. Alderi, Cocks. 

 S. pellucida, Cocks. 

 6'. ram/ft, Cocks. 

 S. bellil, Cocks. 



16. 



18. 



19. 



21, 



22. 



23' 



24. 



Adamsia palRata, Bohadsch. Gen. dist. and c. on 

 S. coast, 15 to 30 fm., with Eupagurus prideaux ; 

 St. Ives, Newquay, Padstow and Scilly! 



Aeptasla Couchii, Cocks. Plymouth district not 

 infrequently (M.B.A.); Falmouth, Mawnan 

 Beach and Helford river (Cocks) 



Anthea cereus, E. & S. (Anemoma sulcata, Pennant). 

 Abund. in bright shallow pools between t-m. 

 all along the S. and locally on the N. coast ; 

 Annett, Tresco, and St. Mary's, Scilly, c. ! vars. 

 smaragdina, rustica, sulphurea, and alabastrina 

 occur in Mount's B. (Mrs. Gough) 



Actinia mesembryanthemum, E. & S. (Actinia Eques, 

 Linn.). Most abund. along S. and locally on 

 N. coast, and at Scilly on rocks and stones 

 between t-m. The eleven vars. described by 

 Gosse occur in Mount's B. (Mrs. Gough) 



Bolocera tuediae, Johnst. Occ. among trawl refuse at 

 Falmouth (Cocks), and once at Gorran Haven! 



Bunodes gemmacea, E. & S. Gen. dist. and often c. 

 on exposed rocks and shallow pools between 

 t-m. ; Annett abund. and f. c. in other parts 

 of Scilly! 



B. Ballii, Cocks. Plymouth (M.B.A.) ; the 

 type occurs sparingly about Falmouth and in 

 Mount's B. from tidal ground to deep water. 

 Var. dealbata at Fowey and Gorran Haven and 

 funesta at Scilly (Alford) 



B. (Chitonactis) coronata, Gosse. A single spec, 

 on the Rame-Eddystone Gnds. (M.B.A.), and 

 one off the Dodman ! 



\Egeon Alfordi, Gosse. Discovered by the Rev. 

 D. P. Alford at Scilly, but apparently not 

 referred to by subsequent writers] 



Paraphellia expansa, Haddon. A few specs, on 

 the Eddystone Gnds. apparently buried in the 

 sand ; Rame-Eddystone Gnds. (M.B.A.) 



Tealia (Cbondractinia) digitata, Mull. A few 

 about the Eddystone (M.B.A.) and about Fal- 

 mouth (Cocks) ; one from Mount's B. (Dunn) 



126 



